English spellings/Catalogs/Apostrophe: Difference between revisions
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'''’em''' ''them'' = '''um''' ''hmmm'' *əm | '''’em''' ''them'' = '''um''' ''hmmm'' *əm | ||
'''’tís''' and '''’tẁas''' - poetic use of initial apostrophe, replacing omitted initial '''í''' of '''ít ís''' and '''ít ẁas''' | '''’tís''' and '''’tẁas''' - poetic and/or archaic use of initial apostrophe, replacing omitted initial '''í''' of '''ít ís''' and '''ít ẁas''' | ||
==Final and medial== | ==Final and medial== | ||
Final apostrophes follow an '''s''' to form the genitive plural of nouns ('''Mánx cáts' tâils'''); otherwise, like initial and medial apostrophes, they signify a missing (because unpronounced in quoted speech) letter or letters, as in '''gôin'''' for '''gôing''' ('''n''' sound replacing '''ng''' sound); hence there is no point in listing examples. Where it replaces a '''t''' or '''d''', this final apostrophe may be pronounced as a [[glottal stop]]; otherwise final apostrophes are silent. | Final apostrophes follow an '''s''' to form the genitive plural of nouns ('''Mánx cáts' tâils'''); otherwise, like initial and medial apostrophes, they signify a missing (because unpronounced in quoted speech) letter or letters, as in '''gôin'''' for '''gôing''' ('''n''' sound replacing '''ng''' sound); hence there is no point in listing examples. Where it replaces a '''t''' or '''d''', this final apostrophe may be pronounced as a [[glottal stop]]; otherwise final apostrophes are silent. | ||
Revision as of 19:17, 17 October 2009
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| Alphabetical word list | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Common misspellings |
All apostrophes are shaped (in fonts where there are different shapes) like a 9, not a 6, including initial ones (see below): this contrasts with the use of inverted commas, where the opening one is shaped like a 6 (or there can be two: 66) and the closing one like a 9 (or 99): "sixty-sixes and ninety-nines".
Initial
Words that begin with an apostrophe, where it signifies a letter or letters unpronounced in quoted speech, are:
’em them = um hmmm *əm
’tís and ’tẁas - poetic and/or archaic use of initial apostrophe, replacing omitted initial í of ít ís and ít ẁas
Final and medial
Final apostrophes follow an s to form the genitive plural of nouns (Mánx cáts' tâils); otherwise, like initial and medial apostrophes, they signify a missing (because unpronounced in quoted speech) letter or letters, as in gôin' for gôing (n sound replacing ng sound); hence there is no point in listing examples. Where it replaces a t or d, this final apostrophe may be pronounced as a glottal stop; otherwise final apostrophes are silent.