Ukiyo-e: Difference between revisions
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'''Ukiyo-e''' is a form of | '''Ukiyo-e''' (浮世絵 ''ukiyoe'') is a form of [[Japan]]ese visual [[art]], both with its own intrinsic beauty, but also reflecting social systems of the Tokugawa or [[Edo Period]]s (1615-1868). It also extended artistic technique, including the printing of art books to make it more accessible to the wealthy, but socially inferior, merchant class. <ref name=LC>{{citation | ||
| url = http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/ukiyo-e/intro.html | | url = http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/ukiyo-e/intro.html | ||
| title = The Floating World of Ukiyo-e: Shadows, Dreams, and Substance | | title = The Floating World of Ukiyo-e: Shadows, Dreams, and Substance | ||
| Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
[[Image:Courtesan painting a screen.jpg|left|300px|Courtesan painting a screen, Torii Kiyonobu I, ca. 1711]] | [[Image:Courtesan painting a screen.jpg|left|300px|Courtesan painting a screen, Torii Kiyonobu I, ca. 1711]] | ||
Literally, ''ukiyo-e'' means pictures of the Floating World, which included both [[geisha]] and respected [[courtesan]]s, two quite distinct classes. It was a world of socially acceptable hedonism. | Literally, ''ukiyo-e'' means pictures of the Floating World, which included both [[geisha]] and respected [[courtesan]]s, two quite distinct classes. It was a world of socially acceptable hedonism. | ||
==Technique== | ==Technique== | ||
The fundamental technique of the genre was the woodblock. Producing a book of woodblock prints involved the complementary skills of a publisher, an artist who created the image, a carver who made the block, and a printer who applied the pigments and pressed the block | The fundamental technique of the genre was the [[woodblock]]. Producing a book of woodblock prints involved the complementary skills of a publisher, an artist who created the image, a carver who made the block, and a printer who applied the pigments and pressed the block to paper. Later, additional craftsmen variously assembled the prints into multiple panel assemblies, and into books. Only the names of the artists and publishers survive. | ||
[[Image:Kabuki dancers.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Kabuki dancers, hand colored with metallic dust, mid-1700s]] | [[Image:Kabuki dancers.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Kabuki dancers, hand colored with metallic dust, mid-1700s]] | ||
This technique evolved from approximately 1600 on. The first prints were monochromatic woodcuts, with the design laid out in bold black lines. Artists began hand-coloring by brush, and worked with textured surfaces. | This technique evolved from approximately 1600 on. The first prints were monochromatic woodcuts, with the design laid out in bold black lines. Artists began hand-coloring by brush, and worked with textured surfaces. | ||
Multicolor printing came into use the mid-eighteenth century. Erotic works and images of actors and beautiful women were common subjects in early Ukiyo-e. Also popular were themes from Japanese myth, legend, literature, and history. | Multicolor printing came into use the mid-eighteenth century. Erotic works and images of actors and beautiful women were common subjects in early Ukiyo-e. Also popular were themes from Japanese myth, legend, literature, and history. | ||
[[Image:Girl with Insect Cage.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Color woodblock print, Kitao Shigemasa, pre-1820]] | [[Image:Girl with Insect Cage.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Color woodblock print, Kitao Shigemasa, pre-1820]] | ||
==Expansion of subjects== | ==Expansion of subjects== | ||
[[Image:Hokusai-Wave.gif|thumb|right|350px|Hokusai, "In the Hollow of a Wave off the Coast at Kanagawa", 1827]] | |||
Subjects, but using the same techniques, began to expand beyond the Floating World, with some of the best-know artists: | Subjects, but using the same techniques, began to expand beyond the Floating World, with some of the best-know artists: | ||
*[[Kitagawa Utamaro (1753-1806) | *[[Kitagawa Utamaro]] (1753-1806) | ||
*[[Katsushika Hokusai]] (1760-1849), known for his landscapes. | *[[Katsushika Hokusai]] (1760-1849), known for his landscapes. | ||
[[Image: | [[Image:Woman after bath.jpg|thumb|left|Woman after Bath, Hashiguchi Goyô, 1920]] | ||
In the twentieth century, a new Japanese movement revived ukiyo-e, merging modern methods. The example shows a nude, more a classically Western subject. | |||
In the twentieth century, a new Japanese movement revived ukiyo-e, merging modern methods. The example shows a nude, more a classically Western subject. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
Latest revision as of 03:43, 27 October 2013
Ukiyo-e (浮世絵 ukiyoe) is a form of Japanese visual art, both with its own intrinsic beauty, but also reflecting social systems of the Tokugawa or Edo Periods (1615-1868). It also extended artistic technique, including the printing of art books to make it more accessible to the wealthy, but socially inferior, merchant class. [1]
Literally, ukiyo-e means pictures of the Floating World, which included both geisha and respected courtesans, two quite distinct classes. It was a world of socially acceptable hedonism.
Technique
The fundamental technique of the genre was the woodblock. Producing a book of woodblock prints involved the complementary skills of a publisher, an artist who created the image, a carver who made the block, and a printer who applied the pigments and pressed the block to paper. Later, additional craftsmen variously assembled the prints into multiple panel assemblies, and into books. Only the names of the artists and publishers survive.
This technique evolved from approximately 1600 on. The first prints were monochromatic woodcuts, with the design laid out in bold black lines. Artists began hand-coloring by brush, and worked with textured surfaces.
Multicolor printing came into use the mid-eighteenth century. Erotic works and images of actors and beautiful women were common subjects in early Ukiyo-e. Also popular were themes from Japanese myth, legend, literature, and history.
Expansion of subjects
Subjects, but using the same techniques, began to expand beyond the Floating World, with some of the best-know artists:
- Kitagawa Utamaro (1753-1806)
- Katsushika Hokusai (1760-1849), known for his landscapes.
In the twentieth century, a new Japanese movement revived ukiyo-e, merging modern methods. The example shows a nude, more a classically Western subject.