https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Switzerland&feed=atom&action=historySwitzerland - Revision history2024-03-28T16:27:00ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.39.5https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Switzerland&diff=328460&oldid=previmported>John Stephenson: put back flag2020-09-03T15:42:59Z<p>put back flag</p>
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<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{Image|Flag of Switzerland.svg.png|right|250px|Flag of Switzerland.}}</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Switzerland''' ([[German language|German]]: ''Schweiz''; [[French language|French]]: ''Suisse''; [[Italian language|Italian]]: ''Svizzera''; [[Romansh language|Romansh]]: ''Svizra''), officially the ''Swiss Confederation'' ([[Latin language|Latin]]: ''Confoederatio Helvetica'', abbreviated to ''CH''), is a country in western [[Europe]]. The country is known for its [[bank]]ing industry, and used to be a haven for millionaires to open a bank account because of its policy to protect the privacy of all account holders. Switzerland is also known for being a [[neutrality|neutral]] country since early 19th century. It has not been involved in any wars and has opted out of political organizations like the [[European Union]] and [[NATO]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Switzerland''' ([[German language|German]]: ''Schweiz''; [[French language|French]]: ''Suisse''; [[Italian language|Italian]]: ''Svizzera''; [[Romansh language|Romansh]]: ''Svizra''), officially the ''Swiss Confederation'' ([[Latin language|Latin]]: ''Confoederatio Helvetica'', abbreviated to ''CH''), is a country in western [[Europe]]. The country is known for its [[bank]]ing industry, and used to be a haven for millionaires to open a bank account because of its policy to protect the privacy of all account holders. Switzerland is also known for being a [[neutrality|neutral]] country since early 19th century. It has not been involved in any wars and has opted out of political organizations like the [[European Union]] and [[NATO]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The capital of Switzerland is [[Berne]]. The country has four official languages: [[German language|German]], [[French language|French]], [[Italian language|Italian]], and [[Romansh]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The capital of Switzerland is [[Berne]]. The country has four official languages: [[German language|German]], [[French language|French]], [[Italian language|Italian]], and [[Romansh]].</div></td></tr>
</table>imported>John Stephensonhttps://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Switzerland&diff=328458&oldid=previmported>John Stephenson: rv to rm external material that : version https://en.citizendium.org/wiki?title=Switzerland&oldid=1007179412020-09-03T15:37:57Z<p>rv to rm external material that : version https://en.citizendium.org/wiki?title=Switzerland&oldid=100717941</p>
<a href="https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Switzerland&diff=328458&oldid=328457">Show changes</a>imported>John Stephensonhttps://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Switzerland&diff=328457&oldid=previmported>Meg Taylor: move contents to subgroup2013-09-15T05:20:10Z<p>move contents to subgroup</p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The most popular alcoholic drink in Switzerland is wine. Switzerland is notable for the variety of grapes grown because of the large variations in [[terroir]]s, with their specific mixes of soil, air, altitude and light. [[Swiss wine]] is produced mainly in [[Valais (wine region)|Valais]], [[Vaud]] ([[Lavaux]]), [[Geneva (wine region)|Geneva]] and [[Ticino (wine region)|Ticino]], with a small majority of white wines. Vineyards have been cultivated in Switzerland since the Roman era, even though certain traces can be found of a more ancient origin. The most widespread varieties are the [[Chasselas]] (called [[Fendant]] in Valais) and [[Pinot Noir]]. The [[Merlot]] is the main variety produced in Ticino.<ref>[http://www.swisswine.ch/english/bienv/main.asp Wine-producing Switzerland in short] swisswine.ch. Retrieved on 2009-06-24</ref><ref>[http://www.winebiz.com.au/statistics/world.asp Table 38. Top wine consuming nations per capita, 2006] winebiz.com. Retrieved on 2010-06-14</ref></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The most popular alcoholic drink in Switzerland is wine. Switzerland is notable for the variety of grapes grown because of the large variations in [[terroir]]s, with their specific mixes of soil, air, altitude and light. [[Swiss wine]] is produced mainly in [[Valais (wine region)|Valais]], [[Vaud]] ([[Lavaux]]), [[Geneva (wine region)|Geneva]] and [[Ticino (wine region)|Ticino]], with a small majority of white wines. Vineyards have been cultivated in Switzerland since the Roman era, even though certain traces can be found of a more ancient origin. The most widespread varieties are the [[Chasselas]] (called [[Fendant]] in Valais) and [[Pinot Noir]]. The [[Merlot]] is the main variety produced in Ticino.<ref>[http://www.swisswine.ch/english/bienv/main.asp Wine-producing Switzerland in short] swisswine.ch. Retrieved on 2009-06-24</ref><ref>[http://www.winebiz.com.au/statistics/world.asp Table 38. Top wine consuming nations per capita, 2006] winebiz.com. Retrieved on 2010-06-14</ref></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== References ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== Bibliography ==</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* Church, Clive H. (2004) ''The Politics and Government of Switzerland''. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-69277-2.</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* Dalton, O.M. (1927) ''The History of the Franks, by Gregory of Tours''. Oxford: The Clarendon Press.</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* Fahrni, Dieter. (2003) ''An Outline History of Switzerland. From the Origins to the Present Day''. 8th enlarged edition. Pro Helvetia, Zürich. ISBN 3-908102-61-8</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [[Historical Dictionary of Switzerland]] (2002–). Published electronically and in print simultaneously in three national languages of Switzerland.</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
</table>imported>Meg Taylorhttps://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Switzerland&diff=328459&oldid=previmported>Mary Ash: /* Napoleonic era */2013-04-23T13:26:05Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Napoleonic era</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In 1798, the [[French Revolution|revolutionary French]] government conquered Switzerland and imposed a new unified constitution.<ref name = Brief/> This centralised the government of the country and effectively abolished the cantons and [[Mulhouse|Mülhausen]] and [[Valtellina]] valley separated from Switzerland. The new [[regime]], known as the Helvetic Republic, was highly unpopular. It had been imposed by a foreign invading army and destroyed centuries of tradition, making Switzerland nothing more than a French [[satellite state]]. The fierce French suppression of the [[Nidwalden|Nidwalden Revolt]] in September 1798 was an example of the oppressive presence of the [[French Army]] and the local population's resistance to the occupation.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In 1798, the [[French Revolution|revolutionary French]] government conquered Switzerland and imposed a new unified constitution.<ref name = Brief/> This centralised the government of the country and effectively abolished the cantons and [[Mulhouse|Mülhausen]] and [[Valtellina]] valley separated from Switzerland. The new [[regime]], known as the Helvetic Republic, was highly unpopular. It had been imposed by a foreign invading army and destroyed centuries of tradition, making Switzerland nothing more than a French [[satellite state]]. The fierce French suppression of the [[Nidwalden|Nidwalden Revolt]] in September 1798 was an example of the oppressive presence of the [[French Army]] and the local population's resistance to the occupation.</div></td></tr>
</table>imported>Mary Ashhttps://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Switzerland&diff=328476&oldid=previmported>Mary Ash: /* Geography */2013-04-22T19:49:46Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Geography</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Geography ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Geography ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{Image|Cantons of Switserland.jpg|right|<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">250px</del>|Cantons of Switzerland.}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{Image|Cantons of Switserland.jpg|right|<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">300px</ins>|Cantons of Switzerland.}}</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Extending across the north and south side of the [[Alps]] in [[Western Europe|west]]-[[central Europe]], Switzerland encompasses a great diversity of landscapes and climates on a limited area of 41,285 square kilometres (15,940 square miles).<ref name = Geo>[http://www.swissworld.org/en/geography/swiss_geography/contrasts/ Geography] swissworld.org, Retrieved on 2009-06-23</ref> The population is about 7.9&nbsp;million, resulting in an average [[population density]] of around 190 people per square kilometre (485/sq&nbsp;mi).<ref name = Geo/><ref name="Landscape">{{cite web|url=http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/reps/ocea/vaus/infoch/chgeog.html|title=Landscape and Living Space |date=31 July 2007|work=Federal Department of Foreign Affairs|publisher=Federal Administration admin.ch|accessdate=2009-06-25}}</ref><ref name="maps">A zoomable map of Switzerland is available at either [http://www.swissinfo-geo.org/ swissinfo-geo.org] or [http://www.swissgeo.ch/ swissgeo.ch]; a zoomable satellite picture is at [http://map.search.ch/ map.search.ch].</ref> The more mountainous southern half of the country is far more sparsely populated than the northern half.<ref name = Geo/> In the largest Canton of [[Graubünden]], lying entirely in the Alps, population density falls to 27 /km² (70 /sq mi).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Extending across the north and south side of the [[Alps]] in [[Western Europe|west]]-[[central Europe]], Switzerland encompasses a great diversity of landscapes and climates on a limited area of 41,285 square kilometres (15,940 square miles).<ref name = Geo>[http://www.swissworld.org/en/geography/swiss_geography/contrasts/ Geography] swissworld.org, Retrieved on 2009-06-23</ref> The population is about 7.9&nbsp;million, resulting in an average [[population density]] of around 190 people per square kilometre (485/sq&nbsp;mi).<ref name = Geo/><ref name="Landscape">{{cite web|url=http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/reps/ocea/vaus/infoch/chgeog.html|title=Landscape and Living Space |date=31 July 2007|work=Federal Department of Foreign Affairs|publisher=Federal Administration admin.ch|accessdate=2009-06-25}}</ref><ref name="maps">A zoomable map of Switzerland is available at either [http://www.swissinfo-geo.org/ swissinfo-geo.org] or [http://www.swissgeo.ch/ swissgeo.ch]; a zoomable satellite picture is at [http://map.search.ch/ map.search.ch].</ref> The more mountainous southern half of the country is far more sparsely populated than the northern half.<ref name = Geo/> In the largest Canton of [[Graubünden]], lying entirely in the Alps, population density falls to 27 /km² (70 /sq mi).</div></td></tr>
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</table>imported>Mary Ashhttps://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Switzerland&diff=328474&oldid=previmported>Mary Ash: /* Geography */2013-04-22T19:49:00Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Geography</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Geography ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Geography ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{Image|Cantons of Switserland.jpg|right|250px|Cantons of Switzerland.}}</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Extending across the north and south side of the [[Alps]] in [[Western Europe|west]]-[[central Europe]], Switzerland encompasses a great diversity of landscapes and climates on a limited area of 41,285 square kilometres (15,940 square miles).<ref name = Geo>[http://www.swissworld.org/en/geography/swiss_geography/contrasts/ Geography] swissworld.org, Retrieved on 2009-06-23</ref> The population is about 7.9&nbsp;million, resulting in an average [[population density]] of around 190 people per square kilometre (485/sq&nbsp;mi).<ref name = Geo/><ref name="Landscape">{{cite web|url=http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/reps/ocea/vaus/infoch/chgeog.html|title=Landscape and Living Space |date=31 July 2007|work=Federal Department of Foreign Affairs|publisher=Federal Administration admin.ch|accessdate=2009-06-25}}</ref><ref name="maps">A zoomable map of Switzerland is available at either [http://www.swissinfo-geo.org/ swissinfo-geo.org] or [http://www.swissgeo.ch/ swissgeo.ch]; a zoomable satellite picture is at [http://map.search.ch/ map.search.ch].</ref> The more mountainous southern half of the country is far more sparsely populated than the northern half.<ref name = Geo/> In the largest Canton of [[Graubünden]], lying entirely in the Alps, population density falls to 27 /km² (70 /sq mi).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Extending across the north and south side of the [[Alps]] in [[Western Europe|west]]-[[central Europe]], Switzerland encompasses a great diversity of landscapes and climates on a limited area of 41,285 square kilometres (15,940 square miles).<ref name = Geo>[http://www.swissworld.org/en/geography/swiss_geography/contrasts/ Geography] swissworld.org, Retrieved on 2009-06-23</ref> The population is about 7.9&nbsp;million, resulting in an average [[population density]] of around 190 people per square kilometre (485/sq&nbsp;mi).<ref name = Geo/><ref name="Landscape">{{cite web|url=http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/reps/ocea/vaus/infoch/chgeog.html|title=Landscape and Living Space |date=31 July 2007|work=Federal Department of Foreign Affairs|publisher=Federal Administration admin.ch|accessdate=2009-06-25}}</ref><ref name="maps">A zoomable map of Switzerland is available at either [http://www.swissinfo-geo.org/ swissinfo-geo.org] or [http://www.swissgeo.ch/ swissgeo.ch]; a zoomable satellite picture is at [http://map.search.ch/ map.search.ch].</ref> The more mountainous southern half of the country is far more sparsely populated than the northern half.<ref name = Geo/> In the largest Canton of [[Graubünden]], lying entirely in the Alps, population density falls to 27 /km² (70 /sq mi).</div></td></tr>
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</table>imported>Mary Ashhttps://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Switzerland&diff=328477&oldid=previmported>Mary Ash: /* History */2013-04-22T19:37:54Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">History</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== History ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== History ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{Main|History of Switzerland}}</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Switzerland has existed as a state in its present form since the adoption of the Swiss Federal Constitution in 1848. The precursors of Switzerland established a protective alliance at the end of the 13th century (1291), forming a loose confederation of states which persisted for centuries.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Switzerland has existed as a state in its present form since the adoption of the Swiss Federal Constitution in 1848. The precursors of Switzerland established a protective alliance at the end of the 13th century (1291), forming a loose confederation of states which persisted for centuries.</div></td></tr>
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</table>imported>Mary Ashhttps://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Switzerland&diff=328475&oldid=previmported>Mary Ash: /* Modern history */2013-04-22T19:33:23Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Modern history</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Modern history ===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Modern history ===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Commander-in-Chief of the Swiss Army during World War I]]</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Switzerland was not invaded during either of the [[world war]]s. During World War I, Switzerland was home to Vladimir Illych Ulyanov ([[Vladimir Lenin]]) and he remained there until 1917.<ref>[http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/specials/extraordinary_exiles/index/Lenin_and_the_Swiss_non-revolution.html?cid=12812 Lenin and the Swiss non-revolution] swissinfo.ch. Retrieved on 2010-01-25</ref> Swiss neutrality was seriously questioned by the [[Grimm–Hoffmann Affair]] in 1917, but it was short-lived. In 1920, Switzerland joined the [[League of Nations]], which was based in [[Geneva]], on the condition that it was exempt from any military requirements.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Switzerland was not invaded during either of the [[world war]]s. During World War I, Switzerland was home to Vladimir Illych Ulyanov ([[Vladimir Lenin]]) and he remained there until 1917.<ref>[http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/specials/extraordinary_exiles/index/Lenin_and_the_Swiss_non-revolution.html?cid=12812 Lenin and the Swiss non-revolution] swissinfo.ch. Retrieved on 2010-01-25</ref> Swiss neutrality was seriously questioned by the [[Grimm–Hoffmann Affair]] in 1917, but it was short-lived. In 1920, Switzerland joined the [[League of Nations]], which was based in [[Geneva]], on the condition that it was exempt from any military requirements.</div></td></tr>
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</table>imported>Mary Ashhttps://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Switzerland&diff=328473&oldid=previmported>Mary Ash at 19:32, 22 April 20132013-04-22T19:32:18Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{TOC|right}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{TOC|right}}</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{Image|Flag of Switzerland.svg.png|right|<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">250px</del>|Switzerland's flag.}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{Image|Flag of Switzerland.svg.png|right|<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">175px</ins>|Switzerland's flag.}}</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Switzerland''' ([[German language|German]]: ''Schweiz''; [[French language|French]]: ''Suisse''; [[Italian language|Italian]]: ''Svizzera''; [[Romansh language|Romansh]]: ''Svizra''), officially the '''Swiss Confederation''' ([[Latin language|Latin]]: ''Confoederatio Helvetica'', abbreviated to ''CH''), is a country in western [[Europe]]<ref group=note>In [[Western Europe]] or [[Central Europe]], depending on the definition. See [[Geography of Switzerland]].</ref> where it is bordered by [[Germany]] to the north, [[France]] to the west, [[Italy]] to the south, and [[Austria]] and [[Liechtenstein]] to the east. It has four official languages: [[German language|German]], [[French language|French]], [[Italian language|Italian]], and [[Romansh]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Switzerland''' ([[German language|German]]: ''Schweiz''; [[French language|French]]: ''Suisse''; [[Italian language|Italian]]: ''Svizzera''; [[Romansh language|Romansh]]: ''Svizra''), officially the '''Swiss Confederation''' ([[Latin language|Latin]]: ''Confoederatio Helvetica'', abbreviated to ''CH''), is a country in western [[Europe]]<ref group=note>In [[Western Europe]] or [[Central Europe]], depending on the definition. See [[Geography of Switzerland]].</ref> where it is bordered by [[Germany]] to the north, [[France]] to the west, [[Italy]] to the south, and [[Austria]] and [[Liechtenstein]] to the east. It has four official languages: [[German language|German]], [[French language|French]], [[Italian language|Italian]], and [[Romansh]].</div></td></tr>
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</table>imported>Mary Ashhttps://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Switzerland&diff=328472&oldid=previmported>Mary Ash: /* Military */2013-04-22T19:31:26Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Military</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 14:31, 22 April 2013</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Military ===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Military ===</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The [[Military of Switzerland|Swiss Armed Forces]], including the [[Ground Forces|Land Forces]] and the [[Swiss Air Force|Air Force]], are [[Conscription in Switzerland|composed of conscripts]]: professional soldiers constitute only about 5% of the military personnel, and all the rest are conscript male citizens aged from 20 to 34 (in special cases up to 50) years. Being a [[landlocked]] country, Switzerland has no navy; however, on lakes bordering neighbouring countries, armed military patrol boats are used. Swiss citizens are prohibited from serving in foreign armies, with the exception of the [[Swiss Guard]]s of the [[Vatican City|Vatican]], or if they are [[dual citizen]]s of a foreign country and resident there.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The [[Military of Switzerland|Swiss Armed Forces]], including the [[Ground Forces|Land Forces]] and the [[Swiss Air Force|Air Force]], are [[Conscription in Switzerland|composed of conscripts]]: professional soldiers constitute only about 5% of the military personnel, and all the rest are conscript male citizens aged from 20 to 34 (in special cases up to 50) years. Being a [[landlocked]] country, Switzerland has no navy; however, on lakes bordering neighbouring countries, armed military patrol boats are used. Swiss citizens are prohibited from serving in foreign armies, with the exception of the [[Swiss Guard]]s of the [[Vatican City|Vatican]], or if they are [[dual citizen]]s of a foreign country and resident there.</div></td></tr>
</table>imported>Mary Ash