Scarborough Castle/Timelines: Difference between revisions

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{{subpages}}
{{subpages}}
''Click on dates for sections of the main article''
''Click on dates for sections of the main article''
 
{{timeline
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" class="wikitable"
|height=372
!Date!!Event
|title= 
|-
}}
|[[Scarborough Castle#Early history of the site|c.900-500 BCE]]
{{tlevent
|Possible [[Iron Age]] settlements and hill fort
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#Early history of the site|c.900-500 BCE]]
|-
Possible [[Iron Age]] settlements and hill fort
|c.500 BCE
|width=550px
|[[Bronze Age]]; [[sword]] unearthed at the Castle dates from this time
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|Fourth century CE
{{tlevent
|[[Roman Empire|Roman]] signal station established
|event=c.500 BCE
|-
[[Bronze Age]]; [[sword]] unearthed at the Castle dates from this time
|c.1000
|width=550px
|[[Anglo-Saxons|Anglo-Saxon]] chapel built
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|1066
{{tlevent
|Possible settlement at [[Scarborough, North Yorkshire|Scarborough]] destroyed by [[Harald Hardrada]] using bonfire at the later Castle site
|event=Fourth century CE
|-
[[Roman Empire|Roman]] signal station established
|[[Scarborough Castle#The original wooden castle, 1138-1157|1138]]
|width=550px
|[[William le Gros, 1st Earl of Albemarle]] builds a wooden [[castle]] at the site
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|[[Scarborough Castle#The stone castle, c.1157-1216|c.1157]]
{{tlevent
|[[Henry II of England|Henry II of England]] begins building a new stone castle, possible after demolishing William's
|event=c.1000
|-
[[Anglo-Saxons|Anglo-Saxon]] chapel built
|1159
|width=550px
|Work begins on the castle [[keep]]
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|1169
{{tlevent
|Keep completed
|event=1066
|-
Possible settlement at [[Scarborough, North Yorkshire|Scarborough]] destroyed by [[Harald Hardrada]] using bonfire at the later Castle site
|1179
|width=550px
|William le Gros dies
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|1202
{{tlevent
|King [[John of England|John]] upgrades the castle with a new [[curtain wall]]; builds the 'King's Chambers'
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#The original wooden castle, 1138-1157|1138]]
|-
[[William le Gros, 1st Earl of Albemarle]] builds a wooden [[castle]] at the site
|1212
|width=550px
|Most upgrades complete; keep roof repaired
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|[[Scarborough Castle#Development and decline, 1216-1311|1237]]
{{tlevent
|Storm damages keep roof
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#The stone castle, c.1157-1216|c.1157]]<!--[[Scarborough Castle#Building of the stone castle, c.1157-1216|c.1157]]-->
|-
[[Henry II of England|Henry II]] begins building a new stone castle, possible after demolishing William's
|1243-1244
|width=550px
|New [[barbican]] gateway building begins under the orders of [[Henry III of England|Henry III]]
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|c.1250s
{{tlevent
|Governorship of [[Geoffrey de Neville]]; corruption and natural wear lead to decline of Castle
|event=1159
|-
Work begins on the castle [[keep]]
|c.1270s
|width=550px
|Governorship of [[William de Percy]]; garrison imposes illegal tolls on the townsfolk, steals [[pig (domestic)|pig]]s
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|1275
{{tlevent
|[[Edward I of England|Edward I]] holds court at the Castle
|event=1169
|-
Keep completed
|1280
|width=550px
|Edward I's second court at Scarborough Castle
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|1311
{{tlevent
|[[Edward II of England|Edward II]] imprisons [[Scotland|Scottish]] enemies at the Castle
|event=1179
|-
William le Gros dies
|[[Scarborough Castle#Piers Gaveston besieged, 1312|1312]]
|width=550px
|[[Piers Gaveston]] awarded governorship of the Castle by Edward II and besieged by barons; town's royal priviliges revoked following Gaveston's murder
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|[[Scarborough Castle#Further assaults, 1318-1635|1318-1635]]
{{tlevent
|[[Hundred Years War]]: Scarborough, a centre of the [[wool]] trade, attacked several times
|event=1202
|-
King [[King John|John]] upgrades the castle with a new [[curtain wall]]; builds the 'King's Chambers'
|1318
|width=550px
|Castle sacked and burnt by [[Robert I of Scotland|Robert the Bruce]] and Sir James Douglas
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|1343
{{tlevent
|Barbican completed
|event=1212
|-
Most upgrades complete; keep roof repaired
|1424-1429
|width=550px
|[[Henry VI of England|Henry VI]] orders major repairs to the Castle
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|1536
{{tlevent
|[[Pilgrimage of Grace]]: [[Robert Aske]]'s forces unsuccessfully try to take the Castle
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#Development and decline, 1216-1311|1237]]
|-
Storm damages keep roof
|April 1557
|width=550px
|[[Thomas Wyatt the younger]]'s forces take the castle disguised as peasants; [[Thomas Stafford]] executed on Tower Hill after holding the Castle for three days
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|1569
{{tlevent
|Castle garrisoned against a predicted Scottish invasion during the [[Rising of the North]]; attack never comes
|event=1243-1244
|-
New [[barbican]] gateway building begins under the orders of [[Henry III of England|Henry III]]
|[[Scarborough Castle#The Civil War sieges, 1642-1648|1642-1651]]
|width=550px
|[[English Civil War]]: Scarborough sides with the Royalists; Castle garrison led by Sir [[Sir Hugh Cholmley, 1st Baronet|Hugh Cholmley]]
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|March 1643
{{tlevent
|Cholmley briefly loses the Castle to his cousin, Captain [[Browne Bushell]]
|event=c.1250s
|-
Governorship of [[Geoffrey de Neville]]; corruption and natural wear lead to decline of Castle
|August 1644
|width=550px
|Parliamentary forces reach Scarborough following Royalist defeat at [[Battle of Marston Moor|Marston Moor]] and the fall of [[York]]; Cholmley stalls with surrender negotiations
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|18th February 1645
{{tlevent
|First [[siege]] of the Castle by Parliamentary forces begins
|event=c.1270s
|-
Governorship of [[William de Percy]]; garrison imposes illegal tolls on the townsfolk, steals [[pig (domestic)|pig]]s
|1st May 1645
|width=550px
|Parliamentarians' [[Committee of Both Kingdoms]] orders that the Castle be taken at all costs
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|25th July 1645
{{tlevent
|Castle garrison surrenders following five-month siege that sees the keep partially destroyed
|event=1275
|-
[[Edward I of England|Edward I]] holds court at the Castle
|27th July 1648
|width=550px
|New castle garrison goes over to the Royalist side
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|19th December 1648
{{tlevent
|Second siege brings Castle back under Parliamentary control; later used as a prison
|event=1280
|-
Edward I's second court at Scarborough Castle
|[[Scarborough Castle#Imprisonment of George Fox, 1665-1666|April 1665 - September 1666]]
|width=550px
|Imprisonment of [[George Fox]], founder of the [[Quakers]]
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|[[Scarborough Castle#The castle refortified, 1745-1815|1745-1746]]
{{tlevent
|Castle refortified during the [[Jacobite Rebellion]]; keep used to store [[gunpowder]]
|event=1311
|-
[[Edward II of England|Edward II]] imprisons [[Scotland|Scottish]] enemies at the Castle
|1748
|width=550px
|Master Gunners's House built as accommodation
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|1779
{{tlevent
|Scarborians watch a [[sea battle]] from Castle Hill between American and British ships during the [[American Revolution|American Revolutionary War]]
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#Piers Gaveston besieged, 1312|1312]]
|-
[[Piers Gaveston]] awarded governorship of the Castle by Edward II and besieged by barons; town's royal priviliges revoked following Gaveston's murder
|1796
|width=550px
|[[France|French]] prisoners held at the Castle during the [[Napoleonic Wars]]; permanent garrison stationed at the castle until the mid-[[nineteenth century]]
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|[[Scarborough Castle#The World Wars|16th December 1914]]
{{tlevent
|Keep damaged by [[German Empire|German]] warships during the [[Bombardment of Scarborough, Whitby and Hartlepool]]; barracks later demolished due to damage from shelling
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#Further assaults and decay, 1318-1635|1318-1635]]
|-
[[Hundred Years War]]: Scarborough, a centre of the [[wool]] trade, attacked several times
|[[Scarborough Castle#Development of the castle as a tourist attraction|1920]]
|width=550px
|Castle taken into public ownership by the [[Ministry of Works]]
|color=#FFF
|-
}}
|1980
{{tlevent
|Bronze Age sword unearthed from the site; this can be seen in the Castle's exhibition
|event=1318
|-
Castle sacked and burnt by [[Robert I of Scotland|Robert the Bruce]] and Sir James Douglas
|1984
|width=550px
|[[English Heritage]] awarded the site
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=1343
Barbican completed
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=1424-1429
[[Henry VI of England|Henry VI]] orders major repairs to the Castle
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=1536
[[Pilgrimage of Grace]]: [[Robert Aske]]'s forces unsuccessfully try to take the Castle
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=April 1557
[[Thomas Wyatt the younger]]'s forces take the castle disguised as peasants; [[Thomas Stafford]] executed on Tower Hill after holding the Castle for three days
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=1569
Castle garrisoned against a predicted Scottish invasion during the [[Rising of the North]]; attack never comes
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#The Civil War sieges, 1642-1648|1642-1651]]
[[English Civil War]]: castle garrison sides with the Royalists
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=March 1643
Castle garrison led by Sir [[Sir Hugh Cholmley, 1st Baronet|Hugh Cholmley]]; briefly loses the Castle to his cousin, Captain [[Browne Bushell]]
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=August 1644
Parliamentary forces reach Scarborough following Royalist defeat at [[Battle of Marston Moor|Marston Moor]] and the fall of [[York]]; Cholmley stalls with surrender negotiations
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=18th February 1645
First [[Great Siege of Scarborough Castle|siege]] of the Castle by Parliamentary forces begins
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=1st May 1645
Parliamentarians' [[Committee of Both Kingdoms]] orders that the Castle be taken at all costs
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=25th July 1645
Castle garrison surrenders following five-month siege that sees the keep partially destroyed
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=27th July 1648
New castle garrison goes over to the Royalist side
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=19th December 1648
Second siege brings Castle back under Parliamentary control; later used as a prison
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#Imprisonment of George Fox, 1665-1666|April 1665 - September 1666]]
Imprisonment of [[George Fox]], founder of the [[Quakers]]
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#The castle refortified, 1745-1815|1745-1746]]
Castle refortified during the [[Jacobite Rebellion]]; keep used to store [[gunpowder]]
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=1748
Master Gunner's House built as accommodation
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=1779
Scarborians watch a [[sea battle]] from Castle Hill between American and British ships during the [[American Revolution|American Revolutionary War]]
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=1796
[[France|French]] prisoners held at the Castle during the [[Napoleonic Wars]]; permanent garrison stationed at the castle until the mid-[[nineteenth century]]
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#The World Wars|16th December 1914]]
Keep damaged by [[German Empire|German]] warships during the [[Bombardment of Scarborough, Whitby and Hartlepool]]; barracks later demolished due to damage from shelling
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=[[Scarborough Castle#Development of the castle as a tourist attraction|1920]]
Castle taken into public ownership by the [[Ministry of Works]]
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=1980
Bronze Age sword unearthed from the site; this can be seen in the Castle's exhibition
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
{{tlevent
|event=1984
[[English Heritage]] awarded the site
|width=550px
|color=#FFF
}}
|}
|}
<br>
<br>
<br>

Latest revision as of 01:00, 9 February 2024

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A timeline (or several) relating to Scarborough Castle.

Click on dates for sections of the main article

c.900-500 BCE

Possible Iron Age settlements and hill fort

c.500 BCE

Bronze Age; sword unearthed at the Castle dates from this time

Fourth century CE

Roman signal station established

c.1000

Anglo-Saxon chapel built

1066

Possible settlement at Scarborough destroyed by Harald Hardrada using bonfire at the later Castle site

c.1157

Henry II begins building a new stone castle, possible after demolishing William's

1159

Work begins on the castle keep

1169

Keep completed

1179

William le Gros dies

1202

King John upgrades the castle with a new curtain wall; builds the 'King's Chambers'

1212

Most upgrades complete; keep roof repaired

1237

Storm damages keep roof

1243-1244

New barbican gateway building begins under the orders of Henry III

c.1250s

Governorship of Geoffrey de Neville; corruption and natural wear lead to decline of Castle

c.1270s

Governorship of William de Percy; garrison imposes illegal tolls on the townsfolk, steals pigs

1275

Edward I holds court at the Castle

1280

Edward I's second court at Scarborough Castle

1311

Edward II imprisons Scottish enemies at the Castle

1312

Piers Gaveston awarded governorship of the Castle by Edward II and besieged by barons; town's royal priviliges revoked following Gaveston's murder

1318-1635

Hundred Years War: Scarborough, a centre of the wool trade, attacked several times

1318

Castle sacked and burnt by Robert the Bruce and Sir James Douglas

1343

Barbican completed

1424-1429

Henry VI orders major repairs to the Castle

1536

Pilgrimage of Grace: Robert Aske's forces unsuccessfully try to take the Castle

April 1557

Thomas Wyatt the younger's forces take the castle disguised as peasants; Thomas Stafford executed on Tower Hill after holding the Castle for three days

1569

Castle garrisoned against a predicted Scottish invasion during the Rising of the North; attack never comes

1642-1651

English Civil War: castle garrison sides with the Royalists

March 1643

Castle garrison led by Sir Hugh Cholmley; briefly loses the Castle to his cousin, Captain Browne Bushell

August 1644

Parliamentary forces reach Scarborough following Royalist defeat at Marston Moor and the fall of York; Cholmley stalls with surrender negotiations

18th February 1645

First siege of the Castle by Parliamentary forces begins

1st May 1645

Parliamentarians' Committee of Both Kingdoms orders that the Castle be taken at all costs

25th July 1645

Castle garrison surrenders following five-month siege that sees the keep partially destroyed

27th July 1648

New castle garrison goes over to the Royalist side

19th December 1648

Second siege brings Castle back under Parliamentary control; later used as a prison

April 1665 - September 1666

Imprisonment of George Fox, founder of the Quakers

1745-1746

Castle refortified during the Jacobite Rebellion; keep used to store gunpowder

1748

Master Gunner's House built as accommodation

1779

Scarborians watch a sea battle from Castle Hill between American and British ships during the American Revolutionary War

1796

French prisoners held at the Castle during the Napoleonic Wars; permanent garrison stationed at the castle until the mid-nineteenth century

16th December 1914

Keep damaged by German warships during the Bombardment of Scarborough, Whitby and Hartlepool; barracks later demolished due to damage from shelling

1920

Castle taken into public ownership by the Ministry of Works

1980

Bronze Age sword unearthed from the site; this can be seen in the Castle's exhibition

1984

English Heritage awarded the site