Heart rate
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In physiology, the heart rate is "the number of times the heart ventricles contract per unit of time, usually per minute."[1] This may have to be presented as an average in the presence of arrythmias, such as heart block, when some contractions are missed.
Bradycardia is the condition in which the heart rate is below normal; in tachycardia, it is above normal.
In pharmacology, a drug's affect on heart rate may be predictive of the drugs:
- Benefit in treating
- Heart failure[2]
- Myocardial infarction [3]
- Harm in treating
- Conflicting evidence for perioperative care suggesting both harm[5] and, in a more complicated analysis that transformed variable and used both mean and maximum heart rates, benefit[6].
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Heart rate (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ McAlister FA, Wiebe N, Ezekowitz JA, Leung AA, Armstrong PW (June 2009). "Meta-analysis: beta-blocker dose, heart rate reduction, and death in patients with heart failure". Ann. Intern. Med. 150 (11): 784–94. PMID 19487713. [e]
- ↑ Cucherat M (December 2007). "Quantitative relationship between resting heart rate reduction and magnitude of clinical benefits in post-myocardial infarction: a meta-regression of randomized clinical trials". Eur. Heart J. 28 (24): 3012–9. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehm489. PMID 17981830. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Bangalore S, Sawhney S, Messerli FH (October 2008). "Relation of beta-blocker-induced heart rate lowering and cardioprotection in hypertension". J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 52 (18): 1482–9. DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2008.06.048. PMID 19017516. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Biccard BM, Sear JW, Foëx P (January 2008). "Meta-analysis of the effect of heart rate achieved by perioperative beta-adrenergic blockade on cardiovascular outcomes". Br J Anaesth 100 (1): 23–8. DOI:10.1093/bja/aem331. PMID 18029345. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Beattie WS, Wijeysundera DN, Karkouti K, McCluskey S, Tait G (April 2008). "Does tight heart rate control improve beta-blocker efficacy? An updated analysis of the noncardiac surgical randomized trials". Anesth. Analg. 106 (4): 1039–48. DOI:10.1213/ane.0b013e318163f6a9. PMID 18349171. Research Blogging.