Echis leucogaster: Difference between revisions
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{{Taxobox | {{Taxobox | ||
| color = pink | | color = pink | ||
| name = ''Echis leucogaster'' | | name = ''Echis leucogaster'' | ||
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia | | regnum = [[Animal]]ia | ||
| phylum = | | phylum = Chordata | ||
| subphylum = | | subphylum = Vertebrata | ||
| classis = | | classis = Reptilia | ||
| ordo = | | ordo = Squamata | ||
| subordo = [[Snake|Serpentes]] | | subordo = [[Snake (animal)|Serpentes]] | ||
| familia = | | familia = Viperidae | ||
| subfamilia = [[Viperinae]] | | subfamilia = [[Viperinae]] | ||
| genus = ''[[Echis]]'' | | genus = ''[[Echis]]'' | ||
| Line 21: | Line 23: | ||
'''Common names:''' white-bellied carpet viper,<ref name="Mal03">Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.</ref><ref name="SB95">Spawls S, Branch B. 1995. The Dangerous Snakes of Africa. Ralph Curtis Books. Dubai: Oriental Press. 192 pp. ISBN 0-88359-029-8.</ref> Roman's saw-scaled viper.<ref name="EMBL">{{EMBL species|genus=Echis|species=leucogaster}}</ref> | '''Common names:''' white-bellied carpet viper,<ref name="Mal03">Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.</ref><ref name="SB95">Spawls S, Branch B. 1995. The Dangerous Snakes of Africa. Ralph Curtis Books. Dubai: Oriental Press. 192 pp. ISBN 0-88359-029-8.</ref> Roman's saw-scaled viper.<ref name="EMBL">{{EMBL species|genus=Echis|species=leucogaster}}</ref> | ||
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'''''Echis leucogaster''''' is a | '''''Echis leucogaster''''' is a venomous [[Viperinae|viper]] species found in West and Northwest Africa. It is named after its white, unmarked belly. No subspecies are currently recognized.<ref name="ITIS">[http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=634971 ''Echis leucogaster'' (TSN 634971)] at [http://www.itis.gov/index.html Integrated Taxonomic Information System]. Accessed 12 April 2007.</ref> | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
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==Geographic range== | ==Geographic range== | ||
Found in in West Africa in northern Nigeria, western Niger, Burkina Faso, central Mali, northern Guinea, and in Senegal. In Northwest Africa it occurs in southern Mauritania, Algeria (Ahaggar), Western Sahara and in the extreme south of Morocco. Roman (1975) described the type locality as "Boubon, à 20 km au Nord de Niamey, Niger."<ref name="McD99"/> | |||
According to Golay et al. (1993), the range includes Nigeria, Niger, | According to Golay et al. (1993), the range includes Nigeria, Niger, Upper Volta, southern Algeria and Mauritania.<ref name="Mal03"/> | ||
Spawls and Branch (1995) describe the range as extending from the southern half of Mauritania, Senegal and northern Guinea, through central Mali to northern Burkina Faso and western Niger. However, they are not sure whether or not the specimens from southern Morocco and the | Spawls and Branch (1995) describe the range as extending from the southern half of Mauritania, Senegal and northern Guinea, through central Mali to northern Burkina Faso and western Niger. However, they are not sure whether or not the specimens from southern Morocco and the Ahaggar (mountains) are connected to the main population. They also regard some of the specimens from Senegal and northern Mali as problematic.<ref name="SB95"/> | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
Not a true desert animal, it is found along its edges. Associated with arid savannah, semi-desert, | Not a true desert animal, it is found along its edges. Associated with arid savannah, semi-desert, Sahel and well-vegetated dry river beds (wadis) and oases.<ref name="SB95"/> | ||
==Feeding== | ==Feeding== | ||
Takes a wide variety of prey, including invertebrates (especially scorpions and centipedes), small mammals and reptiles.<ref name="SB95"/> | Takes a wide variety of prey, including invertebrates (especially scorpions and centipedes), small mammals and reptiles.<ref name="SB95"/> | ||
==Reproduction== | ==Reproduction== | ||
Known to lay eggs. Hatchlings are 12-16 cm in length.<ref name="SB95"/> | Known to lay eggs. Hatchlings are 12-16 cm in length.<ref name="SB95"/> | ||
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* [[:Category:True vipers - Common names|True vipers - Common names]]. | * [[:Category:True vipers - Common names|True vipers - Common names]]. | ||
* [[:Category:True vipers - Synonymy|True vipers - Synonymy]]. | * [[:Category:True vipers - Synonymy|True vipers - Synonymy]]. | ||
* [[ | * [[Snake (animal)bite]]. | ||
==Cited references== | ==Cited references== | ||
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<references/> | <references/> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
Latest revision as of 14:20, 8 March 2024
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Common names: white-bellied carpet viper,[2][3] Roman's saw-scaled viper.[4]
Echis leucogaster is a venomous viper species found in West and Northwest Africa. It is named after its white, unmarked belly. No subspecies are currently recognized.[5]
Description
The average length is 30-70 cm, with a maximum of 87 cm. The scalation of the head is similar to E. carinatus. The body is rather stout, the cross-section of which is cylindrical or subtriangular. The dorsal scales are rough and heavily keeled. At midbody, there are 27-33 rows of dorsal scales. The ventral scales number 165-180.[2]
Coloration and pattern are both variable, ranging from brown to gray to reddish and everything in between. It generally consists of a series of light, oblique, dorsal crossbars or saddles set against a darker ground color. The flanks are lighter in color, normally with a series of triangular, subtriangular or circular, dark markings with light or white edges. The belly is an unbroken pale cream, white or ivory.[2]
Geographic range
Found in in West Africa in northern Nigeria, western Niger, Burkina Faso, central Mali, northern Guinea, and in Senegal. In Northwest Africa it occurs in southern Mauritania, Algeria (Ahaggar), Western Sahara and in the extreme south of Morocco. Roman (1975) described the type locality as "Boubon, à 20 km au Nord de Niamey, Niger."[1]
According to Golay et al. (1993), the range includes Nigeria, Niger, Upper Volta, southern Algeria and Mauritania.[2]
Spawls and Branch (1995) describe the range as extending from the southern half of Mauritania, Senegal and northern Guinea, through central Mali to northern Burkina Faso and western Niger. However, they are not sure whether or not the specimens from southern Morocco and the Ahaggar (mountains) are connected to the main population. They also regard some of the specimens from Senegal and northern Mali as problematic.[3]
Habitat
Not a true desert animal, it is found along its edges. Associated with arid savannah, semi-desert, Sahel and well-vegetated dry river beds (wadis) and oases.[3]
Feeding
Takes a wide variety of prey, including invertebrates (especially scorpions and centipedes), small mammals and reptiles.[3]
Reproduction
Known to lay eggs. Hatchlings are 12-16 cm in length.[3]
See also
- Echis.
- List of viperine species and subspecies.
- True vipers - Common names.
- True vipers - Synonymy.
- Snake (animal)bite.
Cited references
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Spawls S, Branch B. 1995. The Dangerous Snakes of Africa. Ralph Curtis Books. Dubai: Oriental Press. 192 pp. ISBN 0-88359-029-8.
- ↑ Species Echis leucogaster at the Species2000 Database
- ↑ Echis leucogaster (TSN 634971) at Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Accessed 12 April 2007.