Civil society/Catalogs/Organization Types: Difference between revisions

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''An alphabetical listing of a variety of terms for civil society organizations. (Many of these types are also covered more extensively in separate linked pages. Discerning readers will note a good bit of overlap between several of these terms.)'' <P>
''An alphabetical listing of a variety of terms for civil society organizations. (Many of these types are also covered more extensively in separate linked pages. Discerning readers will note a good bit of overlap between several of these terms.)'' <P>


{{r|Association}}
{{r|Association}}
{{r|Civil society organization}}
{{r|Civil society organization}}
{{r|Club}}
{{r|Club}}
 
{{r|Commons}}
 
{{r|Community foundation}}
 
{{r|Company foundation}}
'''Commons'''
{{r|Community organization}}
 
{{r|Cooperative}}
:A group of independent individuals voluntarily sharing a common purpose (e.g. raising crops, grazing sheep, operating a public charity, creating and maintaining open source software, etc.), and pooled resources (land, grass, money, programming skills). <BR>
{{r|Corporation}}
 
{{r|Family}}
'''Community foundation'''
{{r|Family foundation}}
 
{{r|Firm}}
: A type of foundation first created in the 1920s in Cleveland and consisting of individual funds dedicated to specific purposes (like supporting nonprofit organizations, community resources, scholarships, etc.) and general funds available for distribution by the foundation's governing board. <BR>
{{r|foundation (charity)|Foundation}}
 
{{r|Grassroots association}}
'''Company foundation'''
{{r|Group (sociology)|Group}}
 
{{r|Guild}}
: A foundation created by a business corporation out of company earnings or profits. (Tax law often allows corporations to donate a limited amount for such purposes). Distinct from a family foundation created by members of a family-owned business out of their own personal wealth. <BR>
{{r|Household}}
 
{{r|Interest group}}
'''Community organization'''
{{r|Krewe}}
 
{{r|Labor union}}
: A widely used term that can refer both to a type of civil society organization (one closely associated with a particular community, and to the process of forming, creating and operating such organizations. <BR>
{{r|Livery company}}
 
{{r|Membership association}}
'''Cooperative'''
{{r|Nongovernmental organization}}
 
{{r|Nonprofit corporation}}
: A cooperative (or co-operative or co-op) is defined by the International Co-operative Alliance's Statement on the Co-operative Identity as an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly-owned and democratically-controlled enterprise[1].<BR>
{{r|Nonprofit organization}}
 
{{r|Not-for-profit organization}}
'''Corporation''' 
{{r|Political association}}
:One of three principal forms of organization of business. (The other two are sole proprietorships and group ownership). In American legal doctrine, a corporation is technically an individual, not an organization. At minimum, the organization of a corporation is its board, but paid employees or "agents" may also be organized into a company (in the archaic sense or an organized group). The organization of business corporations also includes another category of owners or stock- or shareholders who receive portions of the profits of the corporation.<BR>
{{r|Political party}}
 
{{r|Professional association}}
'''Family''' 
{{r|Social movement}}
: An intergenerational group of biologically related persons. The Hegelian conception of [[civil society]] includes families of related individuals and others living in the same household, including employees, servants, and pets. <BR>
{{r|Tong}}
 
{{r|Trade union}}
'''Family foundation '''
{{r|Voluntary association}}
: A foundation created and controlled by members of a family, and often named for the family. (E.g., the Ford Foundation; the Mandel Foundation, etc.) <BR>
{{r|Waqf}}
 
'''Firm'''  <BR>
: An economic organization devoted to the production of goods and services for the maximization of profit.
 
'''Foundation'''
 
: Defined by one authority as "a large pool of money completely surrounded by people who want some."
<BR>
 
'''Grassroots association'''
: A  term referring to local or locality-based associations, particularly those that are small, informally organized, and directly controlled by members. <BR>
 
'''Group''' 
 
: Group is a very general term that can return to just about any batch, cluster, classification or category of things. In the context of [[civil society]], it is most often used to refer to three or more persons in spatial proximity to one another and interaction with one another. <BR>
 
'''[[Household]]'''
 
:The organization of persons living together in a residence. A single family household includes only related family members of one family and any resident household employees and retainers, like live-in cooks, housekeepers, au pairs, etc. The U.S. census also tabulates households of unrelated individuals (often termed "roommates"). <BR>
 
'''Interest group'''
 
: In political science, a group whose purpose or mission embraces shared or collective pursuit of a set of common ends or objectives, often involving advocacy, lobbying or other, similar efforts to affect the passage and implementation of legislation. <BR>
 
'''Krewe'''
 
: In New Orleans, a network of distinctive membership associations known as krewes are devoted to celebration and display in conjunction with annual Mardi Gras festivities. Activities of New Orleans krews include elaborate costume-making and float construction. <BR>
 
 
'''Membership association'''
 
<BR>
'''Nonprofit corporation'''
 
<BR>
'''Nonprofit organization'''
 
<BR>
 
'''Not-for-profit organization'''
 
<BR>
'''Political association'''
 
: Term used by Alexis De Tocqueville in Democracy in America to differentiate political from other civil organizations.
 
<BR>
'''Political party'''
 
<BR>
'''Professional association'''
 
<BR>
'''Social movement'''
 
<BR>
'''Tong'''
 
: A Chinese-American association. Originally primarily mutual aid associations, tongs in some cities evolved into secret societies or criminal organizations. <BR>
 
'''Voluntary association'''
 
: A term used most often within the Tocqueville tradition in political science and sociology. Refers to associations characterized by uncoerced participation, in which participants are free to join and leave at will, and for whom participation may be independent of incentives or expectations of gain or personal profit. <BR>
 
'''Waqf''' 
 
: A Turkish foundation. <BR>
 
'''References'''
 
1. http://www.ica.coop/coop/principles.html
[[category:CZ Live]]
[[category:Sociology Workgroup]]

Latest revision as of 09:53, 18 February 2010

An alphabetical listing of a variety of terms for civil society organizations. (Many of these types are also covered more extensively in separate linked pages. Discerning readers will note a good bit of overlap between several of these terms.)

  • Association [r]: Please do not use this term in your topic list, because there is no single article for it. Please substitute a more precise term. See Association (disambiguation) for a list of available, more precise, topics. Please add a new usage if needed.
  • Civil society organization [r]: An organization found in or characteristic of civil society. [e]
  • Club [r]: Usually a small association with a narrow or clearly defined purpose and limited formal organization. (E.g., card club, model club, chess club). The term can also be applied to larger membership associations (e.g. 4H Clubs). [e]
  • Commons [r]: Please do not use this term in your topic list, because there is no single article for it. Please substitute a more precise term. See Commons (disambiguation) for a list of available, more precise, topics. Please add a new usage if needed.
  • Community foundation [r]: A type of foundation first created in the 1920s in Cleveland and consisting of individual funds dedicated to specific purposes (like supporting nonprofit organizations, community resources, scholarships, etc.) and general funds available for distribution by the foundation's governing board. [e]
  • Company foundation [r]: A foundation created by a business corporation out of company earnings or profits. (Tax law often allows corporations to donate a limited amount for such purposes). Distinct from a family foundation created by members of a family-owned business out of their own personal wealth. [e]
  • Community organization [r]: A widely used term that can refer both to a type of civil society organization (one closely associated with a particular community) and to the process of forming, creating and operating such organizations. [e]
  • Cooperative [r]: A cooperative (or co-operative or co-op) is defined by the International Co-operative Alliance's Statement on the Co-operative Identity as an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly-owned and democratically-controlled enterprise. [e]
  • Corporation [r]: Please do not use this term in your topic list, because there is no single article for it. Please substitute a more precise term. See Corporation (disambiguation) for a list of available, more precise, topics. Please add a new usage if needed.
  • Family [r]: (1) Persons related by blood, marriage, adoption or guardianship, including individuals placed for foster care. (2) The social organization of a household or housekeeping unit using certain rooms and housekeeping facilities in common. See nuclear family and extended family [e]
  • Family foundation [r]: A foundation created and controlled by members of a family, and often named for the family. (E.g., the Ford Foundation; the Rockefeller Foundation; the Mandel Foundation, et. al.) [e]
  • Firm [r]: An economic organization devoted to the production of goods and services for maximum profit. [e]
  • Foundation [r]: Add brief definition or description
  • Grassroots association [r]: A term referring to local or locality-based associations, particularly those that are small, informally organized, and directly controlled by members. [e]
  • Group [r]: Group is a very general term that can refer to just about any batch, cluster, classification or category of things. In civil society and other social theory, it is most often used to refer to three or more persons in spatial proximity and interaction with one another. [e]
  • Guild [r]: (Or gild). An association of craft workers in a particular trade, profession or occupation. [e]
  • Household [r]: The organization of persons living together in a residence. A single family household includes only related family members of one family and any resident household employees and retainers, like live-in cooks, housekeepers, au pairs, etc. The U.S. census also tabulates households of unrelated individuals (often termed "roommates"). [e]
  • Interest group [r]: In the United States, an organization (usually non-profit) that represents its members' interests by lobbying, publishing, or other activities, and may publish information presented as expert analysis. [e]
  • Krewe [r]: Distinctive membership associations in New Orleans known as krewes are devoted to celebration and display in conjunction with annual Mardi Gras festivities. Activities of New Orleans krews include elaborate costume-making and float construction. [e]
  • Labor union [r]: Add brief definition or description
  • Livery company [r]: One of 107 occupational associations based in the City of London and dating back to the Middle Ages. Most are known as the "Worshipful Company of" a particular trade or profession. Originally developed as guilds, they were responsible for wages and labour conditions and other aspects of the practice of their craft. [e]
  • Membership association [r]: An association or group with criteria or procedures for designating one or more categories of member. Membership usually defines or outlines the conditions and circumstances of participation, and may be offered by the organization in return for special considerations including nomination, invitation or payment of dues or fees. [e]
  • Nongovernmental organization [r]: A term used in much of the world to describe third sector organizations in terms of their location outside of formal government. [e]
  • Nonprofit corporation [r]: Any of a number of types of corporation recognized by tax authorities as subject to nondistribution constraints. [e]
  • Nonprofit organization [r]: An organization that is institutionalized, private, separate from government, not profit distributing, self-governing and voluntary. [e]
  • Not-for-profit organization [r]: A nonprofit organization. Some users try (so far unsuccessfully) to establish a generally acceptable definition of this term that distinguishes it from the more conventional nonprofit organization. Most of these efforts rely on drawing a subtle distinction (not making a profit vs. not intending to make a profit). Most authorities regard this as a false dichotomy (since nonprofit organizations are constrained from distributing profits, not making them) or as a distinction without a difference. [e]
  • Political association [r]: Add brief definition or description
  • Political party [r]: Add brief definition or description
  • Professional association [r]: Add brief definition or description
  • Social movement [r]: Add brief definition or description
  • Tong [r]: Add brief definition or description
  • Trade union [r]: Add brief definition or description
  • Voluntary association [r]: Add brief definition or description
  • Waqf [r]: Add brief definition or description
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