|
|
| Line 342: |
Line 342: |
| A bomb officer and bomb dog with the Jackson Police Department arrived about 3 a.m. and did a | | A bomb officer and bomb dog with the Jackson Police Department arrived about 3 a.m. and did a |
| sweep of the plant. It was declared safe about 4 a.m. | | sweep of the plant. It was declared safe about 4 a.m. |
|
| |
| == press etc (recent) ==
| |
| * <span class="newtab">[https://www.change.org/p/the-city-of-paris-tennessee-remove-a-confederate-statue-for-racial-justice?recruiter=13658582&utm_source=share_petition&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=psf_combo_share_initial&recruited_by_id=a3da73f0-9f6a-11e4-a4b0-37fc7fd7940f Change.org petition about the Confederate Monument]</span>
| |
|
| |
| === about slavery ===
| |
|
| |
| * HRK, who lives out of his car a lot and moves about from place to place, was backpacking in 2020 out West as he does every summer. He made it to Utah, but before that, for my amusement, he stopped over in Paris, Idaho, and sent me a bunch of photos of that place, which is actually quite interesting. From those photos, I got to reading about Paris, Idaho (small, unincorporated), which was founded by a Mormon named Charles Coulson Rich. He was born in Kentucky and after converting to Mormonism, tried living for a while in Missouri. And then the local population in Missouri fought a war (okay, illegally and unsanctioned, but not hindered either) to drive Mormons out of Missouri. The local non-Mormon population really got riled with hatred of the Mormons, possibly because their daughters were in danger of being married off to a Mormon extended family. After being chased out of Missouri, Rich and friends tried to go to Utah and make that place pretty much their own. But they accidentally founded Paris over in Idaho because nobody knew in those days exactly where the state line was. Charles Coulson Rich, this highly successful early Mormon who had six wives, also owned, as it turned out, six slaves--which might be another reason people in Missouri were trying to drive the Mormons out. I hadn't realize how much violence was against the Mormons back in the 1800's. And Mormonism itself is such a mixed bag of Goodness and Badness, with the polygamy thing being again both good and bad. And these ultra religious ultra righteous seeming folks owned slaves. Yep, it's a huge mess. [ I emailed this to Randall in 2020 ]
| |
| * The following is from Petra Vaughn's Facebook post on Sept. 22, 2020
| |
|
| |
| <blockquote style="background-color: #EEEEEE;">
| |
| “In 1866, one year after the 13 Amendment was ratified (the amendment that ended slavery), Alabama, Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Georgia, Mississippi, Florida, Tennessee, and South Carolina began to lease out convicts for labor (peonage). This made the business of arresting Blacks very lucrative, which is why hundreds of White men were hired by these states as police officers. Their primary responsibility was to search out and arrest Blacks who were in violation of Black Codes. Once arrested, these men, women and children would be leased to plantations where they would harvest cotton, tobacco, sugar cane. Or they would be leased to work at coal mines, or railroad companies. The owners of these businesses would pay the state for every prisoner who worked for them; prison labor. It is believed that after the passing of the 13th Amendment, more than 800,000 Blacks were part of the system of peonage, or re-enslavement through the prison system. Peonage didn’t end until after World War II began, around 1940.
| |
|
| |
| The 13th Amendment declared that "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." (Ratified in 1865) Lawmakers used this phrase to make petty offenses crimes. When Blacks were found guilty of committing these crimes, they were imprisoned and then leased out to the same businesses that lost slaves after the passing of the 13th Amendment. This system of convict labor is called peonage.
| |
|
| |
| The majority of White Southern farmers and business owners hated the 13th Amendment because it took away slave labor. As a way to appease them, the federal government turned a blind eye when southern states used this clause in the 13th Amendment to establish laws called Black Codes. Here are some examples of Black Codes:
| |
| * In Louisiana, it was illegal for a Black man to preach to Black congregations without special permission in writing from the president of the police. If caught, he could be arrested and fined. If he could not pay the fines, which were unbelievably high, he would be forced to work for an individual, or go to jail or prison where he would work until his debt was paid off.
| |
| * If a Black person did not have a job, he or she could be arrested and imprisoned on the charge of vagrancy or loitering.
| |
| * In South Carolina, if the parent of a Black child was considered vagrant, the judicial system allowed the police and/or other government agencies to “apprentice” the child to an "employer". Males could be held until the age of 21, and females could be held until they were 18. Their owner had the legal right to inflict punishment on the child for disobedience, and to recapture them if they ran away.
| |
|
| |
| This (peonage) is an example of systemic racism - Racism established and perpetuated by government systems. Slavery was made legal by the U.S. Government. Segregation, Black Codes, Jim Crow and peonage were all made legal by the government, and upheld by the judicial system. These acts of racism were built into the system, which is where the term “Systemic Racism” is derived.
| |
| </blockquote>
| |
|
| |
| === sources ===
| |
|
| |
| * http://paristn.gov/visitors/activities-and-events/worlds-biggest-fish-fry/ history of Mule Day and Fish Fry as now told
| |
| ** another: http://memory.loc.gov/diglib/legacies/loc.afc.afc-legacies.200003540/
| |
| ** another: https://www.explorekentuckylake.com/events/fish-fry/
| |
| ** another: https://www.parislanding.com/worlds_biggest_fish_fry.htm
| |
| ** http://ltc4940.blogspot.com/2008/08/paris-tn.html
| |
| * https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/tennessee/henryTN1925/Soil_map.pdf (1925 soil map online - contours, waterways also there
| |
| * Google '"Paris, TN" history'
| |
| * Google "Geology of Sulfur Well, Henry County TN"
| |
| * [https://datausa.io/profile/geo/henry-county-tn/ population profile data]
| |
| * [https://worldpopulationreview.com/us-counties/tn/henry-county-population Henry Co population history]
| |
| * [https://www.schoolforarts.org/buildinghistory History of Lee School]
| |
| * [https://www.usccr.gov/pubs/docs/TNDESEGFULL.pdf School Desegregationin Tennessee] 2008
| |
| ** PDF contains extensive history of school segregation in the state
| |
| * [http://usgwarchives.net/tn/henry/henry.html Henry Co Web Archives]
| |
| * https://textarchive.ru/c-2650048-pall.html (''can order the following docs from'')
| |
| ** [[User:Pat_Palmer/sandbox/docs_to_order]]
| |
| * https://archive.org/details/populationschedu1282unix
| |
| ** Population schedules of the eighth census of the United States, 1860, Tennessee [microform] including slave schedules
| |
| * [https://genealogycenter.info/africanamerican/results_afram.php?subject=TN African Amer Geneology] has link to:
| |
| ** [https://www.ancestry.com/boards/topics.ethnic.afam.tn/207 Slaves in Henry County, TN with names of owners from wills 1848-1864] on ancestry.com
| |
| ** Online book fr UTX: '''[https://archive.org/details/negrointennessee01patt/page/158/mode/2up The Negro in Tennessee, 1790-1865]''' - sad, important; published in 1922, author Caleb Perry Patterson (prof. of government, UTexas)
| |
| * [http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/14475 Capitol Theater] - this was around during my childhood
| |
| ** scroll an inch from the bottom, and there is a personal testimony about segregation back in the day: edalch on January 27, 2014 at 3:00 pm wrote:
| |
| *** In the two pictures I posted, there are the main doors to the left of the box office. In those days, the 50s and 60s, white patrons used those doors to enter the theater and were seated on the ground floor. Black patrons, because of segregation, were forced to use the doors to the right of the box office, and to sit in the balcony.
| |
| * https://www.radionwtn.com/2020/02/20/gray-to-speak-about-local-integration/
| |
| ** here was a DAR meeting in Feb. 2020 where Barbara Tharpe Gray spoke about school integration
| |
| * [https://tcatparis.edu/programs/industrial-maintenance-technology Vocational school] "TN College of Applied Tech"
| |
| ** https://tcatparis.edu/
| |
| * [https://www.publicschoolreview.com/tennessee/paris/38242 list of public schools now] and their grade levels
| |
| * [https://www.parispi.net/news/local_news/article_b04324d2-e8a4-11ea-a038-5349d48fd275.html PARIS, TN: Former Lee school building gets name change] Aug 28, 2020
| |
| * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_E._Lee_School_(Paris,_Tennessee) Robert E. Lee School (Paris, Tennessee)] in Wikipedia
| |
| * [https://www.paristnchamber.com/home/community/arts-and-heritage/ Arts and Heritage page] by Chamber of Commerce
| |
| * [https://landmarkhunter.com/tn/henry/ Landmark Hunter] listings for Henry Co., TN
| |
| * History of [https://www.parisssd.org/domain/156 Paris Special School District] (since 1919)
| |
|
| |
| * 8-577 Geology of Sulfur Well, Henry County TN
| |
| ** http://friendsnas.org/findingAids/rg142-890185.html
| |
| ** TVA Project Histories and Reports
| |
|
| |
| === archaeology ===
| |
|
| |
| * [https://capone.mtsu.edu/kesmith/TNARCH/CRITA/CRITA_Abstracts.html
| |
| ** Bissett, Thaddeus (University of Tennessee, Knoxville). 2013. RE-ASSESSING BIG SANDY, AN EARLY MIDDLE ARCHAIC SHELL MIDDEN IN HENRY COUNTY, TENNESSEE. Big Sandy was one of several Archaic shell middens excavated in the lower Tennessee Valley during the Great Depression. In the decades since, it has been mostly relegated to footnote status, but recent work suggests that Big Sandy is unique among Middle Archaic shell-bearing sites in the Midsouth. New radiocarbon dates and analyses of artifacts and original field documentation indicate that intact strata at the site (previously thought to represent sequential occupations) were in fact contemporaneous, and that Big Sandy contains clear evidence for both residential occupation and an associated, but spatially segregated, cemetery during the early Middle Archaic period.
| |
|
| |
| === intro ideas ===
| |
|
| |
| The history of this town and this county is missing. Oh, we know a few random facts, but most of what heppened in the past has been deliberately forgotten, not recorded, actively discouraged from being talked about, or plain old ignored. And that ignoring happened so consistently that most of it can now no longer be recovered. Still, I want to try to find out what there is that can still be determined. Because without knowing what was, we're basically living a kind of lie, that pretends that things in the past were okay, things in the present are okay, and things in the future will be okay without our needing to make any course corrections.
| |
|
| |
| It's not just this town and this county where that happened. It happened in lots of towns and counties all over the country, and nowhere was history buried and forgotten and glossed over more fully, with more active enthusiasm, than in the Southern United States.
| |
|
| |
| In American, the history of racism is taught like this: "There was slavery and then there was Jim Crow and then there was Martin Luther King Jr. and now it's done." (from Trevor Noah's "Born a Crime", p. 183)
| |
|
| |
| === images ===
| |
|
| |
| * Wikimedia Commons [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:James_D._Porter James D. Porter, gov. of TN 1875-1879; born in Paris]
| |
| * Wikimedia Commons '''[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_County_Tennessee_Courthouse_Cornerstone_01oct11.jpg Cornerstone at the Henry County Courthouse, Paris, Tennessee.]''' (2011) - shows 1896 as date
| |
| ** WC has a photo of the [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hctncrths.jpg courthouse around 1900]
| |
| * Wikimedia Commons '''[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eiffel_Tower_in_Paris,_Tennessee,_November_30,_2013.jpg Eiffel Tower in Paris, TN. The tower is a 60-foot tall scale model of the Eiffel Tower in Paris, France. It is located in Memorial Park and was build in the early 1990s.]''' (2013)
| |
| * Wikimedia Commons '''[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Leeschool.jpg Eiffel Robert E. Lee School, formerly known as the Public School or City High School, Paris, Tennessee. From a photo postcard dating circa 1900.]''' (2014)
| |
| * Wikimedia Commons '''[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mule_Day_1939,_Town_Square_-_NARA_-_280377.tif Mule Day 1939, Town Square, Paris, TN.]''' (1939)
| |
| * Wikimedia Commons '''[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mule_Day_1939,_Cemetery_in_background_-_NARA_-_280379.jpg Mule Day 1939, Cemetary in background, Paris, TN.]''' (1939)
| |
| * Wikimedia Commons '''[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mule_Day_1939,_businesses_of_H.A._Mc_Elroy,_Charles_and_Woolworths_-_NARA_-_280376.jpg Mule Day 1939, businesses of H.A. Mc Elroy, Charles and Woolworths.]''' (1939)
| |
| * Wikimedia Commons '''[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sanborn_Fire_Insurance_Map_from_Paris,_Henry_County,_Tennessee._LOC_sanborn08362_003-1.jpg Sanborn Fire Insurance Map from Paris, Henry County, Tennessee, July 1896.]''' (1896)
| |
| ** [https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3964pm.g3964pm_g083621886/?sp=1 Sanborn 1886] - includes Chickasaw Mills; one exists also for 1891
| |
| ** [https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3964pm.g3964pm_g083621896/?st=gallery View of all 6 images in Lib. of Congress]
| |
| * Wikimedia Commons '''[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Third_Henry_County_Tennessee_Courthouse_(1852-1895).jpg Third Henry County (Tennessee) Courthouse, built 1852, demolished 1895. Camera is facing northwest..]''' (before 1895)
| |
|
| |
| * Wikimedia Commons '''[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:General_land_use_map,_Henry_County,_Tennessee_LOC_85692449.tif General land use map, Henry County, Tennessee]''' (1981)
| |
|
| |
| === notes ===
| |
|
| |
| NOTES for this article: (I *think* from the Van Dyke article, but must verify all facts)
| |
| * even before the Civil War, there were pockets of free negroes in the county
| |
| * 1/2 the population were slaves before the war (?)
| |
| * 33% of the local farms had slaves
| |
| * tobacco and cotton farm work were almost all done by slaves
| |
| * 1839: cost of a male slave $900 to $1000
| |
| * 1839: cost of a female slave $700 to $900
| |
| * 1839: cost of a child slave $600 to $800
| |
| * by 1860: $5,000,000 of slaves were in Henry Co.
| |
| * Nat Turner insurrection (Aug 31 - what year?)
| |
| * 1855: first bank
| |
| * 1825: first Masonic Lodge #55
| |
| * 3 general stores, 3 hotels, courthouse
| |
| * "Free and Accepted Masons" #108 in 1845 #96, #130 (???)
| |
| * 1833: 800 people; 12 lawyers, 12 doctors, 2 clergy, 1 church etc
| |
| * Paris '''[https://www.parispi.net/article_6fea59fc-26e2-5468-ada4-7e8edc498496.html historical markers]'''
| |
| * From Chamber of Commerce website: '''[https://www.paristnchamber.com/home/community/history-of-paris-henry-county/ Henry County History]'''
| |
| * Per TN River Valley (w/NatGeo), Paris is a '''[https://tennesseerivervalleygeotourism.org/entries/paris-tennessee/ec165dba-cd29-45a1-be4d-0755fe0a724a historic site]'''
| |
| * Per the hospital ("Medical Center"), here is the '''[https://www.hcmc-tn.org/about-hcmc/our-history/ hospital history]'''
| |
|
| |
| === Native Amers ===
| |
|
| |
| * From McClung Museum of Nat'l Hist & Culture: '''[https://mcclungmuseum.utk.edu/2009/01/01/prehistoric-american-indians/ Prehistoric American Indians in Tennessee]''' (2009)
| |
| * TN history link from on McClung site: '''[http://www.tn4me.org/ Tennessee4me]'''
| |
|
| |
| === State refs ===
| |
|
| |
| * From TN SOS (Sec'y of State) site, here's a '''[https://sos.tn.gov/products/tsla/bibliography-tennessee-local-history-sources-henry-county Bibliography of Tennessee Local History Sources > Henry County]'''
| |
|
| |
| === Major sources ===
| |
|
| |
| * google '''[https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-1-d&q=Paris%2C+TN%22+history "Paris, TN" history]''' and look at what-all pops up
| |
|
| |
| === More notes ===
| |
|
| |
| * Cottage Grove: 10 mi NW
| |
| * Buchanan: 11.5 mi NE
| |
|
| |
| * 1850's: Henry, 8.5 mi SW of Paris
| |
| ** Henry Station
| |
| ** Memphis and Ohio railroad
| |
|
| |
| Tosh says there were lots of:
| |
| * Tharpe names
| |
| * There were also Palmer names
| |
|
| |
|
| == Lead author template examples == | | == Lead author template examples == |
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ISBN's
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References ISBN / DOI
Gill, Gillian (1998). Mary Baker Eddy. Perseus. DOI:10.1086/ahr/105.2.551. ISBN 0738200425.
https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/105.2.551
ISBN 0-7382-0042-5
Van Dyke, Roger Raymond (1979). Antebellum Henry County. West Tennessee Historical Society, 49pp.
This is a test[1]
Scylla, or maybe Aeneid
Workgroups
Write-A-Thon ideas
- The Liberal Arts: History, Arts, Literature, Science, you name it.
- John S. would prefer first one around New Years
- Larry and several others like Sundays
- possible SCHEDULE:
- start 1 pm England time (6 am EST / 3 am PST)
- end 11 pm Pacific time (2 am EST / 11 pm PST)
- possible themes:
- safe entertainments during a COVID-19 pandemic: such as: books, writers, films, actors, hobbies
- from John S: animals/pets? Film (actors, directors...)? Planets?
- from Roger Lohmann: Mysteries; not only the huge (and hugely popular) novels that go by that name, but all the other things that could conceivably come under that heading, from the trivial to the profound, from current affairs to deep history. (What happened to Amelia Earhart? Are there really UFO’s? Orson Welles’ radio broadcast. Who and What is God? Are there miracles? Who were the Neanderthals?)
- From Rajendra Raju: There are also themes on (a) Motivation and (b) Technical topics that you may find fit to include. I suppose these would become articles ultimately after being cleared by the editors.
LINK AT:
Monthly_Write-a-Thon (and re-enable table at top of landing page)
Paris, TN
draft article
- SEARCH on ""Paris Tennessee map" in Wikimedia Commons, can download entire PDF history books
stuff from Mar. 15, 21 search
https://www.niche.com/places-to-live/c/henry-county-tn/
https://www.payscale.com/research/US/Location=Paris-TN/Salary
https://mapgeeks.org/tennessee/
https://www.cyndislist.com/us/tn/counties/henry/census/
https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entries/henry-county/
https://www.amazon.com/Henry-County-Tennessee-Including-Cemetery/dp/1249238285/ref=sr_1_12?camp=1789&creative=9325&dchild=1&keywords=Henry+County+Tennessee&linkCode=ur2&linkId=c055cc73635c0d39cc8048ee9d427558&qid=1615845111&s=books&sr=1-12
Henry County, Tennessee: Including its History, The Eiffel Tower, The Mt. Zion Church and Cemetery,
The Tennessee National Wildlife Refuge, and More Paperback – August 2, 2012
https://sites.rootsweb.com/~tnhenry2/
https://raogk.org/tennessee/henry-county/ - Census records!
https://mapgeeks.org/tennessee/#timeline
https://raogk.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/TN-county.jpg
named counties
Whitley, Edythe Rucker. Tennessee Genealogical Records: Henry County "Old Time Stuff." 1968;
reprint, Baltimore, Md.: Clearfield Company, Inc. by Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1998.
Digital version at Ancestry ($). [Includes a list of legislative petitions from residents of
Henry County covering the years 1821 to 1855.]
https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/48257/
https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Henry_County,_Tennessee_Genealogy
DEEDS under "Land and Property Recrods"
https://www.paristn.gov/
https://www.henrycountyarchive.org/
https://henrycountytn.org/henry-county-board-of-commissioners/
https://parishenrycoedc.com/labor-statistics-2/
Farm subsidies in Henry Co: ('95 - 2020)
https://farm.ewg.org/top_recips.php?fips=47079&progcode=totalfarm®ionname=HenryCounty,Tennessee
Farm profiles Henry Co (2017):
https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Online_Resources/County_Profiles/Tennessee/cp47079.pdf
Salant & Salant "shirt factory" from at least 1940 until ?
Emerson Electric (Vincent Traver?), located on Industrial Park Road off Highway 77 south of Paris
Holley Carburetor plant (~1955 to early or mid 80's)
Markel Lighting
Tecumseh Products at 2700 W Wood St
The carburetor plant, the Emerson building and Markel Lighting are all owned
by someone other than the city and the county. (PI as of 2006)
PI 2008:
The former Dynamic Machine Plastics building on Mockingbird Avenue in Henry is
set to be sold to Paris construction company TNC Rentals. Tom Myers, Henry Industrial
Board chairman, told the Henry Mayor and Board of Aldermen at its Tuesday meeting
that the deal should be closed by the end of next week.
2009:
Skykits Corp. aircraft factory at Paris airport
https://www.parispi.net/news/local_news/article_f8890b26-ebd3-5974-81e2-631363785bc3.html
(gone by 2019)
PI Nov 2, 2015:
A Paris factory was evacuated after security officers there received a bomb threat early today.
The threat was reported at Euro Tranciatura USA, formerly known as Tecumseh Products, at 2700 W. Wood St.
Paris Police Sgt. Ean Reed reported the security guard on duty at the plant received a call from
a female with a soft-spoken voice around 1 a.m.
The woman told him her boyfriend had planted a package bomb on the premises sometime during
the weekend, which was set to go off at 2 a.m.
The caller hung up before the guard could get any additional information. The guard immediately
began evacuating employees to a safe distance from the plant and called 911 to report the incident.
The building was cleared by the time Paris Police and Fire department officers arrived. They,
along with Emergency Medical Service workers, remained at the staging area at a nearby business
for about two hours.
A bomb officer and bomb dog with the Jackson Police Department arrived about 3 a.m. and did a
sweep of the plant. It was declared safe about 4 a.m.
Lead author template examples
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Note that '1' yields "and another author"; anything else (such as a 'y') yields "and other authors".
- {{Authors|Pat Palmer}}
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- {{Authors|Pat Palmer1|Pat Palmer2|Pat Palmer3}}
- {{Authors|Pat Palmer1|Pat Palmer2|Pat Palmer3|Pat Palmer4|others=1}}
- {{Authors|Pat Palmer1|Pat Palmer2|Pat Palmer3|Pat Palmer4|others=y}}
CONTRIBS: invisible unless at least 5 contributors
And how let's see how the Contribs template looks (with 5+ names does).
- {{Contribs|Pat Palmer|Pat Palmer|Pat Palmer|Pat Palmer}}
- {{Contribs|Pat Palmer|Pat Palmer|Pat Palmer|Pat Palmer|Pat Palmer}}
- {{Contribs|Pat Palmer|Pat Palmer|Pat Palmer|Pat Palmer|Pat Palmer|others=1}}
- {{Contribs|Pat Palmer|Pat Palmer|Pat Palmer|Pat Palmer|Pat Palmer|others=y}}
Notes adn References
