Thrombocytopenia: Difference between revisions

From Citizendium
Jump to navigation Jump to search
imported>Howard C. Berkowitz
No edit summary
imported>Robert Badgett
Line 20: Line 20:
==Cause/etiology==
==Cause/etiology==
===Medications===
===Medications===
A [[systematic review]] has identified common causes of drug-induced thrombocytopenia.<ref name="pmid9867731">{{cite journal |author=George JN, Raskob GE, Shah SR, ''et al'' |title=Drug-induced thrombocytopenia: a systematic review of published case reports |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=129 |issue=11 |pages=886–90 |year=1998 |pmid=9867731 |doi=|url=http://www.annals.org/cgi/content/full/129/11_Part_1/886}}</ref>
[[Systematic review]]s have identified common causes of drug-induced thrombocytopenia.<ref name="pmid20530792">{{cite journal| author=Reese JA, Li X, Hauben M, Aster RH, Bougie DW, Curtis BR et al.| title=Identifying drugs that cause acute thrombocytopenia: an analysis using 3 distinct methods. | journal=Blood | year= 2010 | volume= 116 | issue= 12 | pages= 2127-33 | pmid=20530792 | doi=10.1182/blood-2010-03-276691 | pmc=PMC2951857 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20530792  }} </ref><ref name="pmid9867731">{{cite journal |author=George JN, Raskob GE, Shah SR, ''et al'' |title=Drug-induced thrombocytopenia: a systematic review of published case reports |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=129 |issue=11 |pages=886–90 |year=1998 |pmid=9867731 |doi=|url=http://www.annals.org/cgi/content/full/129/11_Part_1/886}}</ref>


Drug-induced thrombocytopenia maybe immune mediated by  antibodies against immune complexes of drugs bound to [[Platelet glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa complex]] or Ib/V/IX complexes.<ref name="pmid17687133">{{cite journal |author=Aster RH, Bougie DW |title=Drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=357 |issue=6 |pages=580–7 |year=2007 |pmid=17687133 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra066469|url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/357/6/580}}</ref> [[Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia]] (HIT) is usually caused by antibodies against immune complexes of platelet factor 4 (PF4) and [[heparin]].<ref name="pmid16928996">{{cite journal |author=Arepally GM, Ortel TL |title=Clinical practice. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=355 |issue=8 |pages=809–17 |year=2006 |pmid=16928996 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp052967|url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/355/8/809}}</ref> Other drugs include [[vancomycin]]
Drug-induced thrombocytopenia maybe immune mediated by  antibodies against immune complexes of drugs bound to [[Platelet glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa complex]] or Ib/V/IX complexes.<ref name="pmid17687133">{{cite journal |author=Aster RH, Bougie DW |title=Drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=357 |issue=6 |pages=580–7 |year=2007 |pmid=17687133 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra066469|url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/357/6/580}}</ref> [[Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia]] (HIT) is usually caused by antibodies against immune complexes of platelet factor 4 (PF4) and [[heparin]].<ref name="pmid16928996">{{cite journal |author=Arepally GM, Ortel TL |title=Clinical practice. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=355 |issue=8 |pages=809–17 |year=2006 |pmid=16928996 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp052967|url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/355/8/809}}</ref> Other drugs include [[vancomycin]]

Revision as of 12:26, 23 November 2010

This article is developing and not approved.
 Main Article
 Discussion
Related Articles  [?]
Bibliography  [?]
External Links  [?]
Citable Version  [?]
 
https://en.citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Thrombocytopenia&printable=yes
This editable Main Article is under development and subject to a disclaimer.

Thrombocytopenia is a decrease in the platelet count. The half-life of a platelet in a normal person is about 4 days.[1]

Classification

The following classification is proposed by Robbins and Cotran.[2]

Decreased production of platelets

Decreased survival of platelets

Immunolologic destruction

Autoimmune includes immune thrombocytopenia purpura or Werlhof's Disease. The chronic form in adults is usually caused by antibodies to Platelet glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa complex or Ib-IX.[2]

Isoimmune
Drug associated
Infections

Nonimmunolologic destruction

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Giant hemangiomas

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemias (MAHAs) include thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura (TTP) and hemolytic uremia syndrome (HUS). TTP is usually an inherited or acquired deficiency of von Willebrand factor (vWF) metalloprotease, also called ADAMTS 13.

Cause/etiology

Medications

Systematic reviews have identified common causes of drug-induced thrombocytopenia.[3][4]

Drug-induced thrombocytopenia maybe immune mediated by antibodies against immune complexes of drugs bound to Platelet glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa complex or Ib/V/IX complexes.[5] Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is usually caused by antibodies against immune complexes of platelet factor 4 (PF4) and heparin.[6] Other drugs include vancomycin [7] and oxaliplatin[8]

Infection

Septicemia has been associated with antibody mediated thrombocytopenia.[9]

References

  1. ↑ Fritz E, Ludwig H, Scheithauer W, Sinzinger H (1986). "Shortened platelet half-life in multiple myeloma". Blood 68 (2): 514–20. PMID 3730614. [e]
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cotran, Ramzi S.; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Nelso Fausto; Robbins, Stanley L.; Abbas, Abul K. (2005). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease. St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier Saunders. ISBN 0-7216-0187-1. 
  3. ↑ Reese JA, Li X, Hauben M, Aster RH, Bougie DW, Curtis BR et al. (2010). "Identifying drugs that cause acute thrombocytopenia: an analysis using 3 distinct methods.". Blood 116 (12): 2127-33. DOI:10.1182/blood-2010-03-276691. PMID 20530792. PMC PMC2951857. Research Blogging.
  4. ↑ George JN, Raskob GE, Shah SR, et al (1998). "Drug-induced thrombocytopenia: a systematic review of published case reports". Ann. Intern. Med. 129 (11): 886–90. PMID 9867731. [e]
  5. ↑ Aster RH, Bougie DW (2007). "Drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia". N. Engl. J. Med. 357 (6): 580–7. DOI:10.1056/NEJMra066469. PMID 17687133. Research Blogging.
  6. ↑ Arepally GM, Ortel TL (2006). "Clinical practice. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia". N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (8): 809–17. DOI:10.1056/NEJMcp052967. PMID 16928996. Research Blogging.
  7. ↑ Von Drygalski A, Curtis BR, Bougie DW, et al (2007). "Vancomycin-induced immune thrombocytopenia". N. Engl. J. Med. 356 (9): 904–10. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa065066. PMID 17329697. Research Blogging.
  8. ↑ Dold FG, Mitchell EP (2003). "Sudden-onset thrombocytopenia with oxaliplatin". Ann. Intern. Med. 139 (2): E156. PMID 12859182. [e]
  9. ↑ Kelton JG, Neame PB, Gauldie J, Hirsh J (1979). "Elevated platelet-associated IgG in the thrombocytopenia of septicemia". N. Engl. J. Med. 300 (14): 760–4. PMID 423910. [e]

External links

Retrieved from "https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Thrombocytopenia&oldid=373116"