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| |[[Image:Writeathon.png|left|40px]]<center><BIG>'''Our [[CZ:Monthly Write-a-Thon|Monthly Write-a-Thon]] is on!</BIG><br />''Wednesday, 6th May!'''''</center><br /> | | | |
| You're invited to start a new article when it's Wednesday in your part of the world, and edit somebody else's new article. It's a '''[[CZ:Monthly Write-a-Thon|Write-a-Thon]]'''! It's a wiki-whoopie, a cyber-social, a collaborative kegger! '''Are you new?''' This is a good day to get a [[CZ:Quick Start|Quick Start]]!
| | {| align=center style="width:70%; background-color: #f7f7a6; border: solid 3px #f2e0de; padding: 2px;" |
| <center>This month's theme is: <font color=green>'''Our World!'''!</font></center> | | |- align=center |
| | |style="background-color:#e8edd6;"|'''<span>New Blog Post</span>''' |
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| | |'''<big>[https://driftingharbor.wordpress.com/2024/07/13/why-is-citizendium-deleting-articles/ Why is Citizendium deleting articles?]</big>'''<br/> |
| |} | | |} |
| <br> | | <br/> |
| -->{|
| | === '''Help Write Articles about our World''' === |
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| === The Geogra-Thon has begun! Join us! ===
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| [[Image:Writeathon.png|left]] On Tuesday, November 27 we're inviting all Citizens to come to the wiki, start a new article, and edit somebody else's new article. It's a '''[[CZ:Geography Workgroup/Gazetteer/Geogra-thon|Geography Write-a-Thon]]'''! It's a wiki-whoopie, a cyber-social, a collaborative kegger!
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| === '''A rapidly developing encyclopedia project—and more!''' ===
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| === Some of our finest <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Approval Process|about]] ] </font> ===
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| <center>'''"Share your knowledge. It's a way to achieve immortality."'''</center>
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| <center>—Jackson Brown and H. Jackson Brown, Jr., ''Life's Little Instruction Book''</center>
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| <center>'''"The ink of the learned is equal in merit to the blood of the martyrs."'''</center>
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| <center>—Father Kristoforos, '[[''Birds Without Wings'']], by [[Louis de Bernières]]</center>
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| <center>'''"Knowledge is the true organ of sight, not the eyes."'''</center>
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| <center>—From the [[Panchatantra|Panchatantra]] [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/440899/Panchatantra (Indian literature)]</center>
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| <center>'''"If you have knowledge, let others light their candles in it.'''"</center>
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| <center>—[[Margaret Fuller|Margaret Fuller (1810-1850)]]</center>
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| <center>'''"A little knowledge that acts is worth infinitely more than much knowledge that is idle.'''"</center>
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| <center>—[[Kahlil Gibran]]</center>
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| <center>'''"I was brought up to believe that the only thing worth doing was to add to the sum of accurate information in the world."'''</center>
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| <center>—[[Margaret Mead]]</center>
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| <center>'''"Knowledge is the true organ of sight, not the eyes."'''</center>
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| <center>—From the [[Panchatantra|Panchatantra]] [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/440899/Panchatantra (Indian literature)]</center>
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| <center>'''"The ink of the learned is equal in merit to the blood of the martyrs."'''</center>
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| <center>—Father Kristoforos, [http://www.randomhouse.com/catalog/display.pperl?isbn=9781400079322&view=rg ''Birds Without Wings''], by [http://www.contemporarywriters.com/authors/?p=auth2 Louis de Bernières (b. 1954)]</center> -->
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| <center>'''"Knowledge is the true organ of sight, not the eyes."'''</center>
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| <center>—From the [[Panchatantra|Panchatantra]] [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/440899/Panchatantra (Indian literature)]</center>
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| </div>
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| |}
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| === Article of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Article of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
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| {{Image|Anthracite coal.jpg|right|275px|Anthracite coal (coin shown for scale).}}
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| '''Coal''' is a [[Carbon|carbon-containing]] rock formed by the debris from the decay of ferns, vines, trees and other plants which flourished in swamps millions of years ago. Over time, the debris became buried and the actions of [[bacteria]], [[heat]] and [[pressure]] transformed the debris first into [[peat]] (a precursor of coal) and then into the various types of coal as we know them today.<ref name=Perry>{{cite book|author=Green, Don W. and Perry, Robert H. (Editors)|title=Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook|edition=6th Edition|publisher=McGraw-Hill|year=1997|id=ISBN 0-07-049479-7}}</ref><ref name=Marks>{{cite book|author=Eugene A. Avallone, Theodore Baumeister and Ali Sadegh (Editors)|title=Marks' Standard Handbook for Mechanical Engineers|edition=11th Edition|publisher=McGraw-Hill Professional|year=2006|id=ISBN 0-07-142867-4}}</ref><ref name=Kreith>{{cite book|author=Frank Kreith (Editor)|title=The CRC Handbook of Mechanical Engineering|edition=1st Edition|publisher=CRC Press|year=1998|id=ISBN 0-8493-9418-X}}</ref> In more technical terminology, that process of transformation is referred to as ''metamorphosis'', ''coalification'' or ''lithification''.
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| Coal is extracted by [[mine (resource extraction)|mining]] from deposits that exist deep underground as well as deposits that are essentially at or near the surface of the ground. Because of the various degrees of transformation that occurred during the forming of coal deposits in different locations, the composition of coal varies from one deposit to another. No two coals are the same in every respect. In general, coal consists of [[carbon]], [[hydrogen]], [[oxygen]], [[nitrogen]], [[sulfur]] and [[mineral]] matter (including compounds of [[silicon]], [[aluminum]], [[iron]], [[calcium]], [[magnesium]] and others).<font size=1>[[Coal|['''more...''']]]</font>
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| === New Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:New Draft of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
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| '''Gasoline''' or '''petrol''' is a fuel, derived from [[petroleum crude oil]], for use in spark-ignited [[internal combustion engine]]s. Conventional gasoline is mostly a blended mixture of more than 200 different [[hydrocarbon]] [[liquid]]s ranging from those containing 4 [[carbon]] [[atom]]s to those containing 11 or 12 carbon atoms. It has an initial [[boiling point]] at [[atmospheric pressure]] of about 35 °[[Celsius|C]] (95 °[[Fahrenheit|F]]) and a final boiling point of about 200 °C (395 °F).<ref name=FAQ>[http://www.faqs.org/faqs/autos/gasoline-faq/part4/ Gasoline FAQ - Part2 of 4], Bruce Hamilton, Industrial Research Ltd. (IRL), a [[Crown Research Institute]] of [[New Zealand]].</ref><ref name=Gary>{{cite book|author=Gary, J.H. and Handwerk, G.E.|title=Petroleum Refining Technology and Economics|edition=4th Edition|publisher=Marcel Dekker, Inc.|year=2001|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=eE3_IqDeeosC&pg=PP1&dq=%22Petroleum+Refining+Technology+and+Economics%22&lr=&as_drrb_is=q&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=&as_brr=0&as_pt=ALLTYPES|id=ISBN 0-8247-0482-7}}</ref><ref name=Assi>[http://hqweb.unep.org/pcfv/PDF/JordanWrkshp-Unleaded-Rafat.pdf The Relation Between Gasoline Quality, Octane Number and the Environment], Rafat Assi, National Project Manager of Jordan’s Second National Communications on Climate Change, presented at ''Jordan National Workshop on Lead Phase-out'', [[United Nations Environment Programme]], July 2008, [[Amman]], [[Jordan]].</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=James Speight|title=Synthetic Fuels Handbook|edition=1st Edition|publisher=McGraw-Hill|pages=pages 92-93|year=2008|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=E3pgqnGgHjIC&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22Synthetic+Fuels+Handbook%22&lr=&as_drrb_is=q&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=&as_brr=0&as_pt=ALLTYPES|id=ISBN 0-07-149023-X}}</ref> Gasoline is used primarily as fuel for the internal combustion engines in automotive vehicles as well in some small airplanes.
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| In [[Canada]] and the [[United States]], the word "gasoline" is commonly used and it is often shortened to simply "gas" although it is a liquid rather than a [[gas]]. In fact, gasoline-dispensing facilities are referred to as "gas stations".
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| Most current or former [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth countries]] use the term "petrol" and their dispensing facilities are referred to as "petrol stations". The term "petrogasoline" is also used sometimes. In some European countries and elsewhere, the term "benzin" (or a variant of that word) is used to denote gasoline.
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| In aviation, "mogas" (an abbreviation for "motor gasoline") is used to distinguish automotive vehicle fuel from aviation fuel known as "avgas".<font size=1>[[Gasoline/Draft|['''more...''']]]</font>
| | |rowspan=2 style="width:50%; border:1px solid #e9e9e9; border-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.05); margin:0; padding:0; background:#fafafa; background:rgba(255,255,255,0.6); vertical-align:top; -moz-border-radius:0 10px 10px; -webkit-border-radius:10px; -webkit-border-top-left-radius:0; -moz-background-clip:padding; -webkit-background-clip:padding;"| |
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| | <h4 style="margin:0 0 0.75em; padding:0;"> '''Article counts''' </h4> |
| | <p style="line-height:15px; padding-left:20px;"> |
| | [[:Category:Citable versions of articles|Citable]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Citable versions of articles}}''')</font><br /> |
| | [[:Category:Developed Articles|Developed]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Developed Articles}}''')</font><br /> |
| | [[:Category:Developing Articles|Developing]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Developing Articles}}''')</font><br /> |
| | [[:Category:Stub Articles|Stubs]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Stub Articles}}''')</font><br /> |
| | <small>([[:Category:CZ Live|{{PAGESINCAT:CZ Live}} total]])</small> |
| | </p> |
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| | {{CZ:Quote}} |
| | {{-}} |
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| | |valign=top style="padding:0 1em 0.5em;" colspan=2| |
| | ----<h3 style="margin-top:0; padding-top:0.6em; border-top:1px dotted #e0e0e0;"> |
| | <big>[[CZ:Featured article|Featured Article]]: ''[[{{FeaturedArticleTitle}}]]''</big> |
| | </h3> |
| | {{CZ:Featured article/Current}} |
| | |} |
| | <div style='text-align: right;'><small>''[[{{FeaturedArticleTitle}}|Continued]]...''</small></div> |
