Encephalitis: Difference between revisions
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'''Encephalitis''' is "inflammation of the [[brain]] due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see [[viral encephalitis]]) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> | '''Encephalitis''' is "inflammation of the [[brain]] due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see [[viral encephalitis]]) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> | ||
==Etiologies / causes== | |||
In England, 40% of cases are due to [[infection]]s.<ref name="Granerod">Granerod J et al. Causes of encephalitis and differences in their clinical presentations in England: A multicentre, population-based prospective study. Lancet Infect Dis 2010 Oct 18; [e-pub ahead of print]. {{doi|10.1016/S1473-3099(10)70222-X}}</ref> The most common infections being: | |||
* [[Herpes simplex virus]] (Human herpesvirus 1) | |||
* [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]] | |||
Among immunocompromised patients:<ref name="Granerod"/> | |||
* [[Varicella-Zoster virus]] (Human herpesvirus 3) | |||
* [[Toxoplasma gondii]] | |||
Other causes include: | |||
* [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] (ADEM) which is also called postinfectious encephalitis. ADEM may follow infection from [[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]].<ref name="Granerod"/> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/>[[Category:Suggestion Bot Tag]] | ||
Latest revision as of 06:01, 12 August 2024
Encephalitis is "inflammation of the brain due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see viral encephalitis) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition."[1]
Etiologies / causes
In England, 40% of cases are due to infections.[2] The most common infections being:
- Herpes simplex virus (Human herpesvirus 1)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Among immunocompromised patients:[2]
- Varicella-Zoster virus (Human herpesvirus 3)
- Toxoplasma gondii
Other causes include:
- Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) which is also called postinfectious encephalitis. ADEM may follow infection from Mycoplasma pneumoniae.[2]
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Encephalitis (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Granerod J et al. Causes of encephalitis and differences in their clinical presentations in England: A multicentre, population-based prospective study. Lancet Infect Dis 2010 Oct 18; [e-pub ahead of print]. DOI:10.1016/S1473-3099(10)70222-X