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{{subpages}}
{{Taxobox | color=violet
{{Taxobox | color=violet
| name = Flavivirus genus
| name = Flavivirus genus
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| familia = ''[[Flaviviridae]]''
| familia = ''[[Flaviviridae]]''
| genus = ''[[Flavivirus]]''
| genus = ''[[Flavivirus]]''
| subdivision_ranks = Vectors
| vectors =
| subdivision =
* '''''Mosquito-borne'''''
* '''''Mosquito-borne'''''
* '''''Tick-borne'''''
* '''''Tick-borne'''''
* '''''No Known Vector'''''
* '''''No Known Vector'''''
}}
}}
'''''Flavivirus''''' is a genus of the family ''[[Flaviviridae]]''<ref>ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.026.0.01. Flavivirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/</ref>, named after the yellow fever virus (Flavi = yellow).  Each year, this genus causes hundreds of millions of infections, with symptoms ranging from assymptomatic, to fever and rash, neurological damage, encephalitis, hemorrhaging, shock and death.
Of the flaviviruses, the four [[dengue fever]] viruses cause the most disease each year.  Both [[epidemic]] and [[sylvatic]] (jungle) strains have been found for many flaviviruses.  Flaviviruses are [[arbovirus|arboviruses]] and are transmitted by ticks, mosquitoes, and no-see-ums (their vectors).  Birds serve as a large reservoir for many viruses, but mammals, including humans and horses, are mostly dead-end hosts. 


'''''Flavivirus''''' is a genus of the family ''[[Flaviviridae]]'', named after the Yellow fever virus (Flavi = yellow).  Each year, this complex of viruses causes hundreds of millions of infections, with symptoms ranging from assymptomatic, to fever and rash, neurological damage, encephalitis, hemorrhaging, shock and death.
The flavivirus genus includes (see table below) the mosquito borne [[West Nile virus]] (WNV), [[Yellow fever|Yellow fever virus]] (YFV), [[St. Louis encephalitis|St. Louis encephalitis virus]] (SLE) and the viruses that causes [[dengue fever]] (DENV1-4). ''Flavivirus'' also includes [[Tick-borne meningoencephalitis|Tick-borne Encephalitis virus]], [[Russian-spring summer encephalitis]] (RSSE) and several other [[virus]]es which cause [[encephalitis]].  Some flavivirus cause sever hemorrhagic fevers, including dengue and [[Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus]].
Of the flaviviruses, the four [[Dengue fever]] viruses cause the most disease each year.  Both [[epidemic]] and [[sylavatic]] (jungle) strains have been found for many flaviviruses.  Flaviviruses are [[arbovirus|arboviruses]] and are transmitted by ticks, mosquitoes, and no-see-ums (their vectors).  Birds serve as a large reservoir for many viruses, but mammals, including humans and horses, are mostly dead-end hosts. 
 
The flavivirus genus includes (see table below) the mosquito borne [[West Nile virus]](WNV), [[Yellow fever|Yellow fever virus]](YFV), [[St. Louis encephalitis|St. Louis encephalitis virus]] (SLE) and the virus that causes [[Dengue  fever]](DENV). ''Flavivirus'' also includes (Central European)-[[Tick-borne meningoencephalitis|Tick-borne Encephalitis Virus]], [[Russian-spring summer encephalitis]](RSSE) and several other [[virus]]es which cause [[encephalitis]].  Some flavivirus cause sever hemorrhagic fevers, including Dengue and [[Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus]]


''Flavivirus'' share a common size (40-60 microinches), symmetry ([[Envelope (biology)|enveloped]], [[icosahedral]] [[nucleocapsid]]), [[nucleic acid]] ([[positive-sense]], single stranded [[RNA]] approximately 10,000-11,000 bases), and appearance in the [[electron microscope]].
''Flavivirus'' share a common size (40-60 microinches), symmetry ([[Envelope (biology)|enveloped]], [[icosahedral]] [[nucleocapsid]]), [[nucleic acid]] ([[positive-sense]], single stranded [[RNA]] approximately 10,000-11,000 bases), and appearance in the [[electron microscope]].


== List of Flaviviruses ==
== Table of Flavivirus Species and Sub-species ==
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" bordercolor="#CCCCCC" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" bordercolor="#CCCCCC" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<tr><th>Virus</th><th>Antigenic Complex</th><th>Vector</th>
<tr><th>Virus</th><th>Virus Group</th><th>Vector</th>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Yellow fever|Yellow fever virus]](YFV)</td><td><b>Yellow Fever</b></td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Banzi virus]] (BANV)</td><td>Yellow Fever</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Bouboui virus]] (BOUV)</td><td>Yellow Fever</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Edge Hill virus]] (EHV)</td><td>Yellow Fever</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Jugra virus]] (JUGV)</td><td>Yellow Fever</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Yellow fever|Yellow fever virus]]</td><td>Yellow Fever</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[Saboya virus]] (SABV)</td><td>Yellow Fever</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
 
<tr><td>[[Sepik virus]](SEPV)</td><td>Yellow Fever</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[SEPIK]]</td><td>Yellow Fever</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[SABV]]</td><td>Yellow Fever</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[Uganda S virus]] (UGSV)</td><td>Yellow Fever</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[JUGV]]</td><td>Yellow Fever</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[Wesselsbron virus]](WESSV)</td><td>Yellow Fever</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[EHV]]</td><td>Yellow Fever</td><td>mosquito</td>
 
<tr><td>[[Japanese Encephalitis virus]](JEV)</td><td><b>Japanese Encephalitis</b></td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Japanese Encephalitis virus]](JEV)</td><td>Japanese Encephalitis</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[Alfuy]]</td><td>Japanese Encephalitis</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[West Nile virus]](WNV)</td><td>Japanese Encephalitis</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[West Nile virus]](WNV)</td><td>Japanese Encephalitis</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Kunjin]]</td><td>(KUNV)Japanese Encephalitis</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[Kunjin]] (KUNV) a subtype of WNV</td><td>Japanese Encephalitis</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[St. Louis Enchephalitis]](SLEV)</td><td>Japanese Encephalitis</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[St. Louis Enchephalitis]](SLEV)</td><td>Japanese Encephalitis</td><td>mosquito</td>
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<tr><td>[[Dengue fever|Dengue-1 virus]]</td><td>Dengue</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[Dengue fever|Dengue-1 virus]]</td><td><b>Dengue</b></td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Dengue fever|Dengue-2 virus]]</td><td>Dengue</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[Dengue fever|Dengue-2 virus]]</td><td>Dengue</td><td>mosquito</td>
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<tr><td>[[Kedouga]]</td><td>Dengue</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[Kedouga]]</td><td>Dengue</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[BUSS]]</td><td>AROA</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[Aroa]] (AROAV)</td><td><b>Aroa</b></td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Bussuquara]] (BUSSV)</td><td>Aroa</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Iguape]]</td><td>Aroa</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Naranjal]]</td><td>Aroa</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Ntaya virus]](NTAV)</td><td><b>Ntaya</b></td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Bagaza virus]](BAGV)</td><td>Ntaya</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Ilheus virus]](ILHV)</td><td>Ntaya</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Israel turkey meningoencephalomyelitis virus]](ITV)</td><td>Ntaya</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Rocio]]</td><td>Ntaya</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Tembusu virus]](TMUV)</td><td>Ntaya</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[IGUAP]]</td><td>AROA</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[Spondweni]](ZIKV)</td><td><b>Spondweni</b></td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[ILHEU]]</td><td>NTAYA</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[Zika virus]](ZIKV)</td><td>Spondweni</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Rocio]]</td><td>NTAYA</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[Kokobera]] (KOKV)</td><td><b>Kokobera</b></td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Zika]]</td><td>SPOND</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[New Mapoon virus]] (tentative species)</td><td>Kokobera</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Kokobera]]</td><td>Kokobera</td><td>mosquito</td>
<tr><td>[[Stratford virus]]</td><td>Kokobera</td><td>mosquito</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Entebbe Bat virus]](ENTV)</td><td>Entebbe Bat</td><td>No Known Vector</td>
<tr><td>[[Entebbe Bat virus]](ENTV)</td><td><b>Entebbe Bat</b></td><td>No Known Vector</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Yokose]](YOKV)</td><td>Entebbe Bat</td><td>No Known Vector</td>
<tr><td>[[Yokose]](YOKV)</td><td>Entebbe Bat</td><td>No Known Vector</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Rio Bravo virus]]</td><td>Rio Bravo</td><td>No Known Vector</td>
<tr><td>[[Rio Bravo virus]]</td><td><b>Rio Bravo</b></td><td>No Known Vector</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Montana myotis leukoencephalitis virus]](MMLV)</td><td>Rio Bravo</td><td>No Known Vector</td>
<tr><td>[[Montana myotis leukoencephalitis virus]](MMLV)</td><td>Rio Bravo</td><td>No Known Vector</td>
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<tr><td>[[Dakar bat virus]](DBV))</td><td>Rio Bravo</td><td>No Known Vector</td>
<tr><td>[[Dakar bat virus]](DBV))</td><td>Rio Bravo</td><td>No Known Vector</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Phnom Penh bat virus]](PPBV)))</td><td>Rio Bravo</td><td>No Known Vector</td>
<tr><td>[[Phnom Penh bat virus]](PPBV)</td><td>Rio Bravo</td><td>No Known Vector</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Hepatitis C virus]](HVC))))</td><td></td><td>No Known Vector</td>
<tr><td>[[Hepatitis C virus]](HVC))</td><td></td><td>No Known Vector</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Modoc virus]](MODV)</td><td>Modoc</td><td>No Known Vector</td>
<tr><td>[[Modoc virus]](MODV)</td><td><b>Modoc</b></td><td>No Known Vector</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Apoi virus]](APOIV)</td><td>Modoc</td><td>No Known Vector</td>
<tr><td>[[Apoi virus]](APOIV)</td><td>Modoc</td><td>No Known Vector</td>
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<tr><td>[[San Perlita virus]](SPV)</td><td>Modoc</td><td>No Known Vector</td>
<tr><td>[[San Perlita virus]](SPV)</td><td>Modoc</td><td>No Known Vector</td>
</tr>
</tr>
 
<tr><td>[[Tick-borne encephalitis]](TBEV)</td><td><b>Mammalian tick-borne</b></td><td>Tick</td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr><td>[[Powassan]](POWV)</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
<tr><td>[[Tick-borne encephalitis]]</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Omsk hemorrhagic fever]](OHFV)</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Powassan]]</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
<tr><td>[[Langat]](LGTV)</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Omsk hemorrhagic fever]]</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
<tr><td>[[Louping ill virus]] (LIV)</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Langat]]</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
<tr><td>[[Alkhurma]](ALKV) a subtype of KFD</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Louping-ill virus]]</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
<tr><td>[[Gadgets Gully virus]] (GGYV)</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Alkhurma]]</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
<tr><td>[[Kyasanur Forest disease virus]](KFDV)</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Kyasanur Forest disease]]</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
<tr><td>[[Royal Farm virus]](RFV)</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Russian-spring summer encephalitis ]]</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
<tr><td>[[Russian-spring summer encephalitis ]]</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[KARSH]]</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
<tr><td>[[Karshi]]</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Kumlinge]](KUM)</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
<tr><td>[[Kumlinge]](KUM)</td><td>Mammalian tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Meaban]](MEAV)</td><td>Seabird tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
<tr><td>[[Meaban]](MEAV)</td><td><b>Seabird tick-borne</b></td><td>Tick</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Kadam virus]] (KADV)</td><td>Seabird tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Saumarez Reef]](SREV)</td><td>Seabird tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
<tr><td>[[Saumarez Reef]](SREV)</td><td>Seabird tick-borne</td><td>Tick</td>
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</tr>
</tr>


<tr><td>[[Cell fusing agent virus]]</td><td></td><td>Questionable (mosquito) </td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Culex flavivirus]]</td><td></td><td>Questionable (mosquito)</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Kamiti Rivir virus]]</td><td></td><td>Questionable (mosquito)</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Ngoye]]</td><td>Tentative species</td><td>Isolated from tick</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>[[Tamana bat virus]]</td><td>Tentative species</td><td>Isolated from a bat</td>
</tr>
</table>
</table>


[[Category:CZ Live]] [[Category:Health Sciences Workgroup]]
 
Note: Until recently, Kadam was considered part of the mammal tick-borne group. (Grard, et al. Virology, 361:80-92, 2007.
 
==References==
<references/>[[Category:Suggestion Bot Tag]]

Latest revision as of 06:01, 17 August 2024

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This editable Main Article is under development and subject to a disclaimer.
Flavivirus genus
Virus classification
Group: Group IV ((+)ssRNA)
Family: Flaviviridae
Genus: Flavivirus
Vectors
  • Mosquito-borne
  • Tick-borne
  • No Known Vector

Flavivirus is a genus of the family Flaviviridae[1], named after the yellow fever virus (Flavi = yellow). Each year, this genus causes hundreds of millions of infections, with symptoms ranging from assymptomatic, to fever and rash, neurological damage, encephalitis, hemorrhaging, shock and death. Of the flaviviruses, the four dengue fever viruses cause the most disease each year. Both epidemic and sylvatic (jungle) strains have been found for many flaviviruses. Flaviviruses are arboviruses and are transmitted by ticks, mosquitoes, and no-see-ums (their vectors). Birds serve as a large reservoir for many viruses, but mammals, including humans and horses, are mostly dead-end hosts.

The flavivirus genus includes (see table below) the mosquito borne West Nile virus (WNV), Yellow fever virus (YFV), St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLE) and the viruses that causes dengue fever (DENV1-4). Flavivirus also includes Tick-borne Encephalitis virus, Russian-spring summer encephalitis (RSSE) and several other viruses which cause encephalitis. Some flavivirus cause sever hemorrhagic fevers, including dengue and Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus.

Flavivirus share a common size (40-60 microinches), symmetry (enveloped, icosahedral nucleocapsid), nucleic acid (positive-sense, single stranded RNA approximately 10,000-11,000 bases), and appearance in the electron microscope.

Table of Flavivirus Species and Sub-species

VirusVirus GroupVector
Yellow fever virus(YFV)Yellow Fevermosquito
Banzi virus (BANV)Yellow Fevermosquito
Bouboui virus (BOUV)Yellow Fevermosquito
Edge Hill virus (EHV)Yellow Fevermosquito
Jugra virus (JUGV)Yellow Fevermosquito
Saboya virus (SABV)Yellow Fevermosquito
Sepik virus(SEPV)Yellow Fevermosquito
Uganda S virus (UGSV)Yellow Fevermosquito
Wesselsbron virus(WESSV)Yellow Fevermosquito
Japanese Encephalitis virus(JEV)Japanese Encephalitismosquito
AlfuyJapanese Encephalitismosquito
West Nile virus(WNV)Japanese Encephalitismosquito
Kunjin (KUNV) a subtype of WNVJapanese Encephalitismosquito
St. Louis Enchephalitis(SLEV)Japanese Encephalitismosquito
Murray Valley Encephalitis(MVEV)Japanese Encephalitis mosquito
Usutu virus(USUV)Japanese Encephalitismosquito
Cacipacore virus(CPCV)Japanese Encephalitis mosquito
Koutango virus(KOUV)Japanese Encephalitismosquito
Yaounde virus(YAOV)Japanese Encephalitismosquito
Dengue-1 virusDenguemosquito
Dengue-2 virusDenguemosquito
Dengue-3 virusDenguemosquito
Dengue-4 virusDenguemosquito
KedougaDenguemosquito
Aroa (AROAV)Aroamosquito
Bussuquara (BUSSV)Aroamosquito
IguapeAroamosquito
NaranjalAroamosquito
Ntaya virus(NTAV)Ntayamosquito
Bagaza virus(BAGV)Ntayamosquito
Ilheus virus(ILHV)Ntayamosquito
Israel turkey meningoencephalomyelitis virus(ITV)Ntayamosquito
RocioNtayamosquito
Tembusu virus(TMUV)Ntayamosquito
Spondweni(ZIKV)Spondwenimosquito
Zika virus(ZIKV)Spondwenimosquito
Kokobera (KOKV)Kokoberamosquito
New Mapoon virus (tentative species)Kokoberamosquito
Stratford virusKokoberamosquito
Entebbe Bat virus(ENTV)Entebbe BatNo Known Vector
Yokose(YOKV)Entebbe BatNo Known Vector
Rio Bravo virusRio BravoNo Known Vector
Montana myotis leukoencephalitis virus(MMLV)Rio BravoNo Known Vector
Bukalasa bat virus(BBV)Rio BravoNo Known Vector
Carey Island virus(CIV)Rio BravoNo Known Vector
Dakar bat virus(DBV))Rio BravoNo Known Vector
Phnom Penh bat virus(PPBV)Rio BravoNo Known Vector
Hepatitis C virus(HVC))No Known Vector
Modoc virus(MODV)ModocNo Known Vector
Apoi virus(APOIV)ModocNo Known Vector
Modoc virusModocNo Known Vector
Cowbone Ridge virus(CRV)ModocNo Known Vector
Jutiapa virus(JUTV)ModocNo Known Vector
Sal Vieja virus(SVV)ModocNo Known Vector
San Perlita virus(SPV)ModocNo Known Vector
Tick-borne encephalitis(TBEV)Mammalian tick-borneTick
Powassan(POWV)Mammalian tick-borneTick
Omsk hemorrhagic fever(OHFV)Mammalian tick-borneTick
Langat(LGTV)Mammalian tick-borneTick
Louping ill virus (LIV)Mammalian tick-borneTick
Alkhurma(ALKV) a subtype of KFDMammalian tick-borneTick
Gadgets Gully virus (GGYV)Mammalian tick-borneTick
Kyasanur Forest disease virus(KFDV)Mammalian tick-borneTick
Royal Farm virus(RFV)Mammalian tick-borneTick
Russian-spring summer encephalitis Mammalian tick-borneTick
KarshiMammalian tick-borneTick
Kumlinge(KUM)Mammalian tick-borneTick
Meaban(MEAV)Seabird tick-borneTick
Kadam virus (KADV)Seabird tick-borneTick
Saumarez Reef(SREV)Seabird tick-borneTick
Tyuleniy virus(TYUV)Seabird tick-borneTick
Cell fusing agent virusQuestionable (mosquito)
Culex flavivirusQuestionable (mosquito)
Kamiti Rivir virusQuestionable (mosquito)
NgoyeTentative speciesIsolated from tick
Tamana bat virusTentative speciesIsolated from a bat


Note: Until recently, Kadam was considered part of the mammal tick-borne group. (Grard, et al. Virology, 361:80-92, 2007.

References

  1. ↑ ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.026.0.01. Flavivirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/
Retrieved from "https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Flavivirus&oldid=972209"