CZ:Mathematics Workgroup: Difference between revisions

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{{Naturalsciences|group=Mathematics|link=Mathematics|forum=http://forum.citizendium.org/index.php/board,29.0.html}}
== Work plan white paper ==
The topics below are part of the division of mathematical knowledge to subdisciplines; they come from the 2000 Math. subject classification of the AMS [http://www.ams.org/msc/index.html#browse] and ZMATH [http://zmath.u-strasbg.fr/math-cgi-bin/zmscen?level=0&zb=/math-cgi-bin/zmen&maxdocs=300&type=zmath&form=/ZMATH/en/quick.html], with some minor edits. Each of these top level topics is a big subject, and it is not necessarily our first priority to write a long article on these entries. Our object with outlining this list is to establish a framework. We recommend that when you write a new article, you should try to find a proper node for it. Do not hesitate to put a link for an article you want to work on soon. Feel free to do the same to request a particular important topic to be covered.
Remarks:
* We kept the original MSC numbering in places.
* No, of course its not the whole MSC tree - not even close to it. We should eventually put as much of it as appropriate.
* In some places we really expect some otherwork group (usually the physicists) to do the work for us - we state where.
Caveats:
* Do not copy articles from wikipedia without carefully reading them, verifying both scope and focus. See [[Citizendium Pilot:How to convert Wikipedia articles to Citizendium articles]]
* Keep in mind three audiences when writing an article: general readers, math students and professionals.
__TOC__
== The classification ==
==== 00-XX General ====
''(for calculus see 26-XX Real functions below)''
* elementary mathematics (pre-university level) <!-- high school is not well known e.g. in continental europe-->
:: [[trigonometric function]] <!-- just an example!-->
==== 01-XX History and biography ====
::[[Euclid]] <!-- just an example! feel free to change-->
::[[Euler]]
==== 03-XX Mathematical logic and foundations ====
====05-XX Combinatorics ====
====06-XX Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures====
''[See also 18B35]''
====08-XX General algebraic systems====
====11-XX [[Number theory]]====
*11Axx Elementary number theory {For analogues in number fields, see 11R04}
*11Bxx Sequences and sets
*11Cxx Polynomials and matrices
*11Dxx Diophantine equations [See also 11Gxx, 14Gxx]
*11Exx Forms and linear algebraic groups [See also 19Gxx] {For quadratic forms in linear algebra, see 15A63}
*11Fxx Discontinuous groups and automorphic forms [See also 11R39, 11S37, 14Gxx, 14Kxx, 22E50, 22E55, 30F35, 32Nxx] {For relations with quadratic forms, see 11E45}
*11Gxx Arithmetic algebraic geometry (Diophantine geometry) [See also 11Dxx, 14-xx, 14Gxx, 14Kxx]
*11Hxx Geometry of numbers {For applications in coding theory, see 94B75}
*11Jxx Diophantine approximation, transcendental number theory [See also 11K60]
*11Kxx Probabilistic theory: distribution modulo <math>1</math>; metric theory of algorithms
*11Lxx [[Exponential sums]] and character sums {For finite fields, see 11Txx}
*11Mxx Zeta and <math>L</math>-functions: analytic theory
*11Nxx Multiplicative number theory
*11Pxx Additive number theory; [[partitions]]
*11Rxx Algebraic number theory: [[global fields]] {For complex multiplication, see 11G15}
*11Sxx Algebraic number theory: [[local and <math>p</math>-adic fields]]
*11Txx [[Finite fields]] and commutative rings (number-theoretic aspects)
*11Uxx Connections with logic
*11Yxx Computational number theory [See also 11-04]
====12-XX Field theory and [[polynomials]] ====
*12Dxx Real and complex fields
:: [[real numbers]]
:: [[complex numbers]]
*12Exx General field theory
*12Fxx Field extensions
*12Gxx Homological methods (field theory)
*12Hxx Differential and difference algebra
*12Jxx Topological fields
*12Kxx Generalizations of fields
*12Lxx Connections with logic
*12Yxx
**12Y05 Computational aspects of field theory and polynomials
====13-XX Commutative rings and algebras====
====14-XX [[Algebraic geometry]]====
====14-XX [[Algebraic geometry]]====
*14Axx Foundations  
*14Axx Foundations  
**14A10 [[Varieties]] and [[morphisms]]
**14A15 [[Schemes]] and morphisms
**14A20 Generalizations ([[algebraic spaces]], [[stacks]])
**14A22 [[Noncommutative algebraic geometry]]
*14Bxx Local theory  
*14Bxx Local theory  
**14B05 [[Singularities]] [See also 14E15, 14H20, 14J17, 32Sxx, 58Kxx]
**14B07 [[Deformations of singularities]] [See also 14D15, 32S30]
**14B10 Infinitesimal methods [See also 13D10]
**14B12 [[Local deformation theory]], [[Artin approximation]], etc. [See also 13B40, 13D10]
**14B15 [[Local cohomology]] [See also 13D45, 32C36]
**14B20 [[Formal neighborhoods]]
**14B25 Local structure of morphisms: [[étale morphism]], [[flat morphism]], etc. [See also 13B40]
*14Cxx Cycles and subschemes  
*14Cxx Cycles and subschemes  
**14C05 Parametrization ([[Chow schemes]] and [[Hilbert schemes]])
**14C15 [[Chow groups and rings]]
**14C17 [[Intersection theory]], [[characteristic classes]], [[intersection multiplicities]] [See also 13H15]
**14C20 [[Divisors]], [[linear systems]], [[invertible sheaves]]
**14C21 [[Pencils, nets, webs]] [See also 53A60]
**14C22 [[Picard groups]]
**14C25 [[Algebraic cycles]]
**14C30 Transcendental methods, [[Hodge theory]] [See also 14D07, 32G20, 32J25, 32S35], [[Hodge conjecture]]
**14C34 [[Torelli problem]] [See also 32G20]
**14C35 Applications of methods of algebraic K-theory [See also 19Exx]
**14C40 Riemann-Roch theorems [See also 19E20, 19L10]
*** [[Riemann-Roch theorem]]
*** [[Clifford's theorem]]
*** [[Grothendieck  Riemann-Roch theorem]]
*14Dxx Families, fibrations  
*14Dxx Families, fibrations  
**14D05 Structure of families ([[Picard-Lefschetz]],  monodromy, etc.)
**14D06 Fibrations, degenerations
**14D07 [[Variation of Hodge structures]] [See also 32G20]
**14D10 Arithmetic ground fields (finite, local, global)
**14D15 Formal methods; deformations [See also 13D10, 14B07, 32Gxx]
**14D20 Algebraic moduli problems, [[moduli of vector bundles]] {For analytic moduli problems, see 32G13}
**14D21 Applications of vector bundles and moduli spaces in mathematical physics (twistor theory, instantons, quantum field theory)
**14D22 [[Fine moduli spaces]] and [[coarse moduli spaces]]
*14Exx [[Birational geometry]]  
*14Exx [[Birational geometry]]  
**14E05 Rational and birational maps
**14E07 Birational automorphisms, [[Cremona group]] and generalizations
**14E08 Rationality questions
**14E15 Global theory and [[resolution of singularities]] [See also 14B05, 32S20, 32S45]
**14E20 Coverings  [See also 14H30]
**14E22 Ramification problems [See also 11S15]
**14E25 Embeddings
**14E30 [[Minimal model program]] (Mori theory, [[extremal rays]])
*14Fxx (Co)homology theory [See also 13Dxx]  
*14Fxx (Co)homology theory [See also 13Dxx]  
*14Gxx Arithmetic problems. Diophantine geometry [See also 11Dxx, 11Gxx]  
**14F05 Vector bundles, sheaves, related constructions [See also 14H60, 14J60, 18F20, 32Lxx, 46M20]
**14F10 [[sheaf of Differentials]] and other special sheaves [See also 13Nxx, 32C38]
**14F17 [[Vanishing theorems]] [See also 32L20]
**14F20 [[Étale topology]] [[Etale cohomology]] and other [[Grothendieck topologies]] and [[Grothendieck cohomologies]]
**14F22 [[Brauer groups of schemes]] [See also 12G05, 16K50]
**14F25 Classical real and complex cohomology
**14F30 [[p-adic cohomology]], [[crystalline cohomology]]
**14F35 Homotopy theory; fundamental groups [See also 14H30]
**14F40 [[de Rham cohomology]] [See also 14C30, 32C35, 32L10]
**14F42 [[Motivic cohomology]]
**14F43 Other algebro-geometric (co)homologies (e.g., [[intersection cohomology]], [[equivariant cohomology]], Lawson, Deligne (co)homologies)
**14F45 Topological properties
*14Gxx Arithmetic problems. [[Diophantine geometry]] [See also 11Dxx, 11Gxx]  
*14Hxx [[algebraic curve|Curves]]
*14Hxx [[algebraic curve|Curves]]
**14H05 Algebraic functions; [[function fields]] [See also 11R58]
**14H05 Algebraic functions; [[function fields]] [See also 11R58]
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*14Qxx Computational algebraic geometry [See also 12Y05, 13Pxx, 68W30]  
*14Qxx Computational algebraic geometry [See also 12Y05, 13Pxx, 68W30]  
*14Rxx Affine geometry
*14Rxx Affine geometry
====15-XX Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory ====
====16-XX Associative rings and algebras ====
====17-XX Nonassociative rings and algebras====
====18-XX [[Category theory]]; [[homological algebra]] ====
*18Axx General theory of categories and functors
*18Bxx Special categories
*18Cxx Categories and theories
*18Dxx Categories with structure
*18Exx [[Abelian categories]]
*18Fxx Categories and geometry
*18Gxx Homological algebra [See also 13Dxx, 16Exx, 20Jxx, 55Nxx, 55Uxx, 57Txx]
**18G05 [[Projective objects]] and [[injective objects]] [See also 13C10, 13C11, 16D40, 16D50]
**18G10 [[Resolutions]]; [[derived functors]] [See also 13D02, 16E05, 18E25]
**18G15 [[Ext]] and [[Tor]], generalizations, [[Künneth formula]] [See also 55U25]
**18G20 [[Homological dimension]] [See also 13D05, 16E10]
**18G25 Relative homological algebra, projective classes
**18G30 [[Simplicial sets]], [[simplicial objects]] (in a category) [See also 55U10]
**18G35 [[Chain complexes]] [See also 18E30, 55U15]
**18G40 [[Spectral sequences]], [[hypercohomology]] [See also 55Txx]
**18G50 [[Nonabelian homological algebra]]
**18G55 [[Homotopical algebra]]
**18G60 Other (co)homology theories [See also 19D55, 46L80, 58J20, 58J22]*20-XX [[Group theory]] and generalizations
====19-XX ''K''-theory====
==== 20-XX Group theory and generalizations ====
*20Axx Foundations
*20Bxx [[Permutation groups]]
*20Cxx Representation theory of groups [See also 19A22 (for representation rings and Burnside rings)]
*20Dxx Abstract finite groups
*20Exx Structure and classification of infinite or finite groups
*20Fxx Special aspects of infinite or finite groups
*20Gxx [[Linear algebraic groups]] ([[classical groups]]) {For arithmetic theory, see 11E57, 11H56; for geometric theory, see 14Lxx, 22Exx; for other methods in representation theory, see 15A30, 22E45, 22E46, 22E47, 22E50, 22E55}
**20Hxx Other groups of matrices [See also 15A30]
*20Jxx Connections with homological algebra and category theory
*20Kxx [[Abelian groups]]
*20L05 [[Groupoids]] (i.e. small categories in which all morphisms are isomorphisms) {For sets with a single binary operation, see 20N02; for topological groupoids, see 22A22, 58H05}
*20Mxx [[Semigroups]]
*20Nxx Other generalizations of groups
*20P05 Probabilistic methods in group theory [See also 60Bxx]*22-XX [[Topological groups]],  [[Lie groups]]
====22-XX [[Topological groups]],  [[Lie groups]] ====
====26-XX Real functions  ====
* [[Calculus]]
:: [[Mean Value Theorem]]
====28-XX Measure and integration ====
* 28Axx Classical measure theory
**28A05 Classes of sets (Borel fields, $\sigma$-rings, etc.), measurable sets, Suslin sets, analytic sets [See also 03E15, 26A21, 54H05]
** 28A10 Real- or complex-valued set functions
** 28A12 Contents, measures, outer measures, capacities
:: [[Lebesgue measure]]
** 28A15 Abstract differentiation theory, differentiation of set functions [See also 26A24]
** 28A20 Measurable and nonmeasurable functions, sequences of measurable functions, modes of convergence
** 28A25 Integration with respect to measures and other set functions
:: [[Lebesgue integral]]
:: [[Bounded convergence theorem]]
:: [[Monotone convergence theorem]]
:: [[Fatou's lemma]]
** 28A33 Spaces of measures, convergence of measures [See also 46E27, 60Bxx]
** 28A35 Measures and integrals in product spaces
** 28A50 Integration and disintegration of measures
** 28A51 Lifting theory [See also 46G15]
** 28A60 Measures on Boolean rings, measure algebras [See also 54H10]
** 28A75 Length, area, volume, other geometric measure theory [See also 26B15, 49Q15]
** 28A78 Hausdorff and [[packing measure]]s
:: [[Hausdorff measure]]
:: [[Hausdorff dimension]]
:: [[Packing dimension]]
** 28A80 Fractals [See also 37Fxx]
** 28A99 None of the above, but in this section
* 28Bxx Set functions, measures and integrals with values in abstract spaces
* 28Exx Miscellaneous topics in measure theory
====30-XX Functions of a complex variable ====
====31-XX [[Potential theory]] ====
*31Axx Two-dimensional theory
**31A05 Harmonic, subharmonic, superharmonic functions
**31A10 Integral representations, integral operators, integral equations methods
**31A15 Potentials and capacity, harmonic measure, extremal length [See also 30C85]
**31A20 Boundary behavior (theorems of Fatou type, etc.)
**31A25 Boundary value and inverse problems
**31A30 Biharmonic, polyharmonic functions and equations, Poisson's equation
**31A35 Connections with differential equations
**31A99 None of the above, but in this section
*31Bxx Higher-dimensional theory
**31B05 Harmonic, subharmonic, superharmonic functions
**31B10 Integral representations, integral operators, integral equations methods
**31B15 Potentials and capacities, extremal length
**31B20 Boundary value and inverse problems
**31B25 Boundary behavior
**31B30 Biharmonic and polyharmonic equations and functions
**31B35 Connections with differential equations
**31B99 None of the above, but in this section
*31Cxx Other generalizations
*31D05 Axiomatic potential theory
====32-XX Several complex variables and analytic spaces ====
====33-XX Special functions ====
''(33-XX deals with the properties of functions as functions) {For orthogonal functions, see 42Cxx; for aspects of combinatorics see 05Axx; for number-theoretic aspects see 11-XX; for representation theory see 22Exx}''
====34-XX [[Ordinary differential equations]] ====
==== 35-XX [[Partial differential equations]] ====
::[[schrodinger equation]]
==== 37-XX [[Dynamical systems]] and [[ergodic theory]] ====
====39-XX Difference and functional equations ====
====40-XX [[Sequences]], [[series]], [[summability]]====
*40Axx Convergence and divergence of infinite limiting processes
*40B05 Multiple sequences and series {(should also be assigned at least one other classification number in this section)}
*40Cxx General summability methods
*40Dxx Direct theorems on summability
*40Exx Inversion theorems
*40F05 Absolute and strong summability
*40Gxx Special methods of summability
*40H05 Functional analytic methods in summability
*40J05 Summability in abstract structures [See also 43A55, 46A35, 46B15]*41-XX Approximations and expansions
====41-XX Approximations and expansions ====
====42-XX Fourier analysis====
* 42-04 Explicit machine computation and programs (not the theory of computation or programming)
:: [[Fourier series]]
* 42Axx Fourier analysis in one variable
* 42Bxx Fourier analysis in several variables {For automorphic theory, see mainly 11F30}
* 42Cxx Nontrigonometric Fourier analysis
====43-XX Abstract harmonic analysis ====
====44-XX Integral transforms, operational calculus  ====
====45-XX Integral equations ====
====46-XX Functional analysis ====
====47-XX Operator theory====
====49-XX [[Calculus of variations]] and optimal control; optimization ====
====51-XX [[Geometry]] ====
====52-XX Convex and discrete geometry====
====53-XX [[Differential geometry]] ====
====54-XX [[General topology]] ====
====55-XX [[Algebraic topology]] ====
====57-XX Manifolds and cell complexes ====
====58-XX Global analysis, analysis on manifolds ====
====60-XX [[Probability]] theory and stochastic processes ====
*60Axx Foundations of probability theory
*60Bxx Probability theory on algebraic and topological structures
**60C05 Combinatorial probability
**60D05 Geometric probability, stochastic geometry, random sets [See also 52A22, 53C65]
*60Exx Distribution theory [See also 62Exx, 62Hxx]
*60Fxx Limit theorems [See also 28Dxx, 60B12]
*60Gxx Stochastic processes
*60Hxx Stochastic analysis [See also 58J65]
*60Jxx [[Markov processes]]
*60Kxx Special processes
====62-XX [[Statistics]] ====
====65-XX [[Numerical analysis]]====
====68-XX Computer science====
''<small>(do we leave it for the computers Workgorup ?) </small> ''
====70-XX Mechanics of particles and systems====
''<small>(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)</small>''
====74-XX Mechanics of deformable solids ====
''<small>(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)</small>''
====76-XX Fluid mechanics====
''<small>(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)</small>''
====78-XX Optics, electromagnetic theory ====
'' {For quantum optics, see 81V80}          (do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)''
====80-XX Classical thermodynamics, heat transfer ====
''<small>(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)</small>''
====81-XX Quantum theory ====
====82-XX Statistical mechanics, structure of matter ====
''<small>(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)</small>''
====83-XX Relativity and gravitational theory ====
''<small>(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)</small>''
====85-XX Astronomy and astrophysics ====
''<small>(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)</small>''
====86-XX Geophysics====
''<small>(do we leave it for physics Workgroup??)</small>''
====90-XX Operations research, mathematical programming ====
====91-XX Game theory, economics, social and behavioral sciences ====
''<small>(do we leave it for economy Workgroup??)</small>''
====92-XX Biology and other natural sciences ====
''<small>(do we leave it for biology Workgroup??)</small>''
====93-XX Systems theory; control====

Revision as of 09:55, 3 March 2007

14-XX Algebraic geometry

hyperelliptic curve
Kummer surfaces